通过蚊子传播土拉氏弗朗西斯杆菌的现有证据尚不确定

L. F. J. Jonckers Nieboer, E. Fischer, M. Braks
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引用次数: 0

摘要

各种节肢动物媒介是导致人类严重疾病的病原体传播的原因。一些重要的病原体是由蚊子在吸血过程中传播的,例如众所周知的引起疟疾的寄生虫,以及引起登革热、基孔肯雅病和寨卡病毒热等疾病的病毒。相比之下,人们对蚊子传播致病菌的潜力知之甚少。到目前为止,只有少数细菌偶尔被认为是由蚊子传播的,但这一点并不广为人知,也不被接受,有关这一主题的文献也很有限。这项研究的目的是回顾几位专家提出的关于蚊子在兔热病病原体兔热病传播中可能发挥作用的文献。根据四个媒介入罪标准,对调查蚊子这种可能的媒介作用的现有主要文章进行了分析和评估。这表明,几项研究确实发现了蚊子叮咬与兔热病之间存在相关性的迹象,其他一些研究的结果表明,蚊子可能存在这种媒介作用。然而,没有发现因果关系的确凿证据,也没有确凿证据表明蚊子确实可以在吸血过程中传播这种细菌。这篇文献综述概述了当前的相关文献,表明未来的研究应侧重于深入了解蚊子叮咬和兔热病之间相关性的其他解释,并且一些作者关于蚊子媒介作用的确定性并不完全合理。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Available evidence for mosquito-borne Francisella tularensis transmission is inconclusive
Various arthropod vectors are responsible for the transmission of pathogens that cause serious diseases in humans. Some important pathogens are transmitted by mosquitoes during blood-feeding, for example the well-known parasite causing malaria, and viruses-causing diseases such as dengue, chikungunya, and Zika virus fever. In contrast, very little is known about the potential of mosquitoes to transmit pathogenic bacteria. Hitherto, only a few bacteria have occasionally been suggested to be spread by mosquitoes, but this is not widely known nor accepted, and literature on this topic is limited. The aim of this study was to review the literature about the possible role of mosquitoes in the transmission of the bacterium F. tularensis, the causal agent of tularaemia, which has been proposed by several experts. Available primary articles investigating this possible vector role of mosquitoes were analysed and evaluated based on four vector incrimination criteria. This demonstrated that several studies had indeed found indications of a correlation between mosquito bites and tularaemia, and that the results of some other studies suggested that such a vector role for mosquitoes might exist. However, conclusive evidence of a causal relationship was not found, nor irrefutable proof that mosquitoes can actually transmit this bacterium during blood-feeding. This literature review has provided an overview of the current relevant literature, shows that future studies should focus on gaining more insight into other explanations for the correlation between mosquito bites and tularaemia, and that the certainty with which some authors write about the vector role of mosquitoes is not entirely justified.
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