饮食和益生菌对肠道微生物群的调节:预防妊娠期糖尿病的潜在途径

Gut microbiome (Cambridge, England) Pub Date : 2023-06-13 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI:10.1017/gmb.2023.6
Marisa Carreira Cruz, Sarah Azinheiro, Sónia Gonçalves Pereira
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)是一个日益严重的全球健康问题,约有6%的孕妇受到影响。生活方式干预,特别是饮食和锻炼是一线治疗,其次是药物治疗,但对母亲和后代都有相关的副作用。肠道微生物群的调节可能有助于预防或管理GDM。一些与GDM相关的肠道细菌群也与炎症生物标志物和肠道微生态失调有关。现有文献报道,低血糖指数饮食可降低产妇禁食和餐后2小时血糖,并保持有益的肠道细菌组成。益生素和益生菌可以通过调节肠道微生物群达到共生状态和改善葡萄糖代谢来帮助GDM治疗。益生菌作为GDM的辅助治疗应考虑菌株、剂量和治疗时间。其使用的局限性需要进一步研究,以开发特定的基于益生菌的GDM补充剂疗法,通过降低空腹血糖、胰岛素抵抗和改善孕妇的脂质状况来影响血糖控制和炎症状态。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Modulation of gut microbiota by diet and probiotics: potential approaches to prevent gestational diabetes mellitus.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a rising global health problem that affects approximately 6% of pregnant women. Lifestyle interventions, particularly diet, and exercise are the first-line treatment, followed by pharmacotherapy, but with associated side effects to both mother and offspring. Modulation of gut microbiota may help prevent or manage GDM. Some gut bacterial groups associated with GDM are also associated with inflammatory biomarkers and gut dysbiosis. Available literature reports that low-glycaemic index diet reduces maternal fasting and 2-hour postprandial glucose and maintains a beneficial gut bacterial composition. Pre- and probiotics can aid GDM therapy by modulating gut microbiota to eubiotic status and improving glucose metabolism. Probiotics as adjuvant GDM therapy should consider bacterial strains, dosage, and treatment duration. Limitations in their use require further studies to develop specific probiotic-based GDM supplement therapy that impacts glycaemic control and inflammatory status by reducing fasting plasma glucose, insulin resistance, and improving lipid profiles of pregnant women.

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