Diego F. Muñoz , Arnaud Bignon , Juan Luis Benedetto
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The juvenile phases are absent in high-energy proximal environments and are scarce in the shoreface; in contrast, no representatives of the fourth phase (hypermature adults) have been found in the open platform deposits, and adults are almost absent. Although shell concentrations are usually linked to physical processes (i.e., storm events), the low taphonomic alteration of the shells suggests that transport was not a highly influential factor. Morphological differences (i.e., development of cardinal canals, ribs incurved posterolaterally) in specimens from different environments suggest that the population dynamics could have been the main cause in generating different concentrations. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
在早更新世晚期(Tr2),腕足动物占据浅海环境的情况十分罕见。然而,在阿根廷西北部盆地,腕足动物 Tarfaya purmamarcaensis 在这一时期占据了高能环境。该物种在海岸表层和近海过渡环境中形成了厚达 15 厘米的单种群聚集,并在相对较深的近海环境中形成了多型铺层。这种聚集的产生可能与 T. purmamarcaensis 的种群动态有关。通过几何形态计量学分析,我们认识到该物种在本体发育过程中有四个生长阶段。幼体阶段在高能量的近端环境中不存在,在海岸表层也很少见;相反,在开放平台沉积物中没有发现第四阶段(超成熟成体)的代表,成体几乎不存在。虽然贝壳的富集通常与物理过程(即风暴事件)有关,但贝壳的移生学改变程度很低,这表明迁移并不是一个影响很大的因素。来自不同环境的标本在形态上的差异(如心管的发育、肋骨向后侧弯曲)表明,种群动态可能是产生不同浓度的主要原因。根据源-汇模型,腕足动物在海岸表层环境中的高生产力和幼体被动迁移到近海不仅可以解释较厚的浅水浓度,还可以解释栖息在这些环境中的种群在贝壳生长方面的差异。
Population dynamics of shoreface to upper offshore occupation of the lower Ordovician brachiopod Tarfaya purmamarcaensis (Benedetto)
Occupation of shallow environments by rhynchonelliform brachiopods is rare during the early late Tremadocian (Tr2). However, in the NW Argentina basin the plectorthoidean Tarfaya purmamarcaensis occupied high-energy environments during this time interval. This species forms up to 15 cm thick monospecific concentrations in shoreface and offshore transition settings, and polytypic pavements in relatively deeper water offshore environments. Generation of such concentrations could be linked to the population dynamics of T. purmamarcaensis. A geometric morphometrics analysis allowed us to recognize four growth stages in the ontogeny of the species. The juvenile phases are absent in high-energy proximal environments and are scarce in the shoreface; in contrast, no representatives of the fourth phase (hypermature adults) have been found in the open platform deposits, and adults are almost absent. Although shell concentrations are usually linked to physical processes (i.e., storm events), the low taphonomic alteration of the shells suggests that transport was not a highly influential factor. Morphological differences (i.e., development of cardinal canals, ribs incurved posterolaterally) in specimens from different environments suggest that the population dynamics could have been the main cause in generating different concentrations. According to the source-sink model, high productivity of brachiopods in the shoreface environment and a passive transport of larvae to the offshore might explain not only the thicker shallow-water concentrations but also the differences in shell growth of populations inhabiting these environments.
期刊介绍:
Geobios publishes bimonthly in English original peer-reviewed articles of international interest in any area of paleontology, paleobiology, paleoecology, paleobiogeography, (bio)stratigraphy and biogeochemistry. All taxonomic groups are treated, including microfossils, invertebrates, plants, vertebrates and ichnofossils.
Geobios welcomes descriptive papers based on original material (e.g. large Systematic Paleontology works), as well as more analytically and/or methodologically oriented papers, provided they offer strong and significant biochronological/biostratigraphical, paleobiogeographical, paleobiological and/or phylogenetic new insights and perspectices. A high priority level is given to synchronic and/or diachronic studies based on multi- or inter-disciplinary approaches mixing various fields of Earth and Life Sciences. Works based on extant data are also considered, provided they offer significant insights into geological-time studies.