探索野生食用花作为生物活性化合物的来源:园艺的新视角

IF 2.2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE
S. Demasi, M. Caser, D. Donno, S. Enri, M. Lonati, V. Scariot
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引用次数: 28

摘要

人们对健康和天然食品的兴趣日益浓厚,这引起了人们对不常见或未开发成分的关注,例如可食用的花朵。这些产品已被证明是生物活性化合物的丰富来源,例如维生素或多酚,在促进健康和预防疾病方面发挥重要作用。然而,具有可食用花的植物种类众多,其中大多数仍需要为此目的进行研究。意大利西北部的高物种丰富度为利用野生可食用花卉提供了有趣的视角,这些花卉目前未得到充分利用,但可以成为健康饮食的宝贵食物来源或食物补充。在此框架下,分析了22种野生食用花卉的植物化学成分,并与4种栽培花卉(Borago officinalis L.、Calendula officinalis L.、Tagetes patula L.和Tropaeolum majus L.)进行了比较,以评估它们作为生物活性化合物来源的潜力。采用分光光度法和色谱法测定鲜花的总多酚含量(TPC)、抗氧化活性、酚类成分和维生素C含量。不同树种的多酚含量差异较大,其中芍药(Paeonia officinalis L.)和玫瑰(Rosa pendulina L.)的多酚含量最高,分别为1,930 mg没食子酸(GAE)·100 g−1和1,774 mg GAE·100 g−1,其次是狗蔷薇(Rosa canina L.) (1,397 mg GAE·100 g−1)和天竺葵(Geranium sylvecum L.) (1,268 mg GAE·100 g−1)。通过三种不同的测定方法[铁还原抗氧化能力(FRAP), 2,2-二苯基-1-吡啶肼(DPPH)和2,2 ' -氮基-双-3-乙基苯并噻唑-6-磺酸(ABTS)],同一物种也显示出最高的抗氧化活性。不同树种的多酚含量存在差异,石竹和钟竹的多酚含量最高,分别为2522 mg·100 g−1和2366 mg·100 g−1。除Allium ursinum L.和B. officinalis外,其余花均含有维生素C,其中报春花含量最高(45 mg·100 g−1)。该研究表明,野生可食用花的表现优于栽培品种,除了T. majus,这为利用野生可食用花作为生物活性化合物的来源提供了新的见解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Exploring wild edible flowers as a source of bioactive compounds: New perspectives in horticulture
Abstract The increasing interest in healthy and natural foods has raised the attention towards uncommon or unexplored ingredients, such as edible flowers. These products are proven to be a rich source of bioactive compounds, for example, vitamins or polyphenols that play an important role in health promotion and disease prevention. However, plant species with edible flowers are numerous and most of them still need to be studied with this aim. The high species richness of North-Western Italy provides interesting perspectives in the use of wild edible flowers, which are currently underutilized, but can be a valuable food source or food supplement for healthy diets. In this framework, the phytochemical composition of 22 wild edible flowers was analysed and compared with that of four cultivated species (Borago officinalis L., Calendula officinalis L., Tagetes patula L. and Tropaeolum majus L.) to evaluate their potentiality as sources of bioactive compounds. The total polyphenol content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of the fresh flowers were assessed, together with their phenolic profiles and vitamin C content, through spectrophotometric and chromatographic analyses. The evaluated parameters varied widely among species, with Paeonia officinalis L. and Rosa pendulina L. showing the highest values of polyphenols (1,930 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE) · 100 g−1 and 1,774 mg GAE · 100 g−1, respectively), followed by Rosa canina L. (1,397 mg GAE · 100 g−1) and Geranium sylvaticum L. (1,268 mg GAE · 100 g−1). The same species also showed the highest antioxidant activity, measured with three different assays [ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS)]. The phenolic profile differed among the studied species, with Dianthus pavonius Tausch and R. pendulina having the highest sum of detected polyphenols (2,522 mg · 100 g−1 and 2,366 mg · 100 g−1, respectively). Vitamin C was identified in all but two flowers (Allium ursinum L. and B. officinalis) and Primula veris L. had the highest amount (45 mg · 100 g−1). The study showed that wild edible flowers outperformed the cultivated species, except for T. majus, providing new insights for the use of wild edible flowers as sources of bioactive compounds.
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来源期刊
Folia Horticulturae
Folia Horticulturae Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Horticulture
CiteScore
3.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
13
审稿时长
16 weeks
期刊介绍: Folia Horticulturae is an international, scientific journal published in English. It covers a broad research spectrum of aspects related to horticultural science that are of interest to a wide scientific community and have an impact on progress in both basic and applied research carried out with the use of horticultural crops and their products. The journal’s aim is to disseminate recent findings and serve as a forum for presenting views as well as for discussing important problems and prospects of modern horticulture, particularly in relation to sustainable production of high yield and quality of horticultural products, including their impact on human health.
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