The Significance of Nitrosative Pressure in Underlying Pathophysiology and The Pharmacologic Therapy of Non-Communicable Disease with Fessional and Antioxidant Potential

Chronic stress (OS) can degrade a range of substances and cellular structures, impairing organ and system performance. Endogenous and external pathways contribute to the accumulation of OS in the body. There is mounting evidence that OS has a role in the physiopathology of various chronic disorders that require continuous pharmaceutical treatment. Prolonged therapy may affect systemic OS. We explore the role of OS in the pathophysiology of several chronic diseases, the pro- or antioxidant effects of their pharmaceutical therapies, and potential adjuvant antioxidant alternatives in this review. High blood pressure, arteriosclerosis, and diabetes mellitus raise the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Antihypertensive, lipid-lowering, and hypoglycemic medications contribute to risk reduction while also providing an antioxidant benefit. In autoimmune systemic inflammatory illnesses such as rheumatoid arthritis, methotrexate treatment has a dual effect of boosting OS synthesis and causing mitochondrial malfunction. However, it may also contribute indirectly to reducing systemic OS caused by inflammation. Medications used to treat neurodegenerative illnesses have been shown to inhibit systems involved in producing and balancing reactive oxygen species (ROS). On the other hand, immunosuppressive treatments for cancer or human immunodeficiency virus infection enhance ROS generation, resulting in severe oxidative damage in several organs and systems in the absence of welldocumented exogenous antioxidant delivery.