作为方法论的非理想哲学

IF 0.3 3区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY
H. Hänel, Johanna Müller
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文认为,非理想理论的独特之处在于它使用了特定的方法论,该方法论先于特定的主题(如不公正、压迫等),基于社会情境知识的理念,并且能够解决意识形态情境问题。基于立场认识论,我们表明,一个人在特定权力结构中的社会地位对知识获取有影响,而处于弱势或边缘化地位可能有利于知识获取。在意识形态批判之后,我们认为边缘化和强大的社会地位都嵌入了特定的意识形态中。由于意识形态不仅仅是社会主体认可或抵制的一套态度或信仰,情境主体和理论家无法制定与其自身无关的规范性标准。因此,非理想理论必须配备可能使这种情境可见的方法。最后,我们将介绍一些已经采用的不同方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Non-Ideal Philosophy as Methodology
This article argues that non-ideal theory is distinctive in its use of a certain methodology which is prior to specific topics (such as injustice, oppression, etc.), grounded in the idea of socially situated knowledge, and able to address ideological situatedness. Drawing on standpoint epistemology, we show that one’s social position within given power structures has implications for knowledge acquisition and that being in a vulnerable or marginalised position can be advantageous to knowledge acquisition. Following ideology critique, we argue that both marginalised and powerful social positions are embedded within a given ideology. As ideology is more than a mere set of attitudes or beliefs that social agents endorse or resist, situated agents and theorists cannot develop normative criteria that are not themselves situated. Hence, non-ideal theory has to be equipped with methods that are likely to make this situatedness visible. We close by presenting some diverse methods that already do so.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
65
期刊介绍: Since its foundation in 1935, Theoria publishes research in all areas of philosophy. Theoria is committed to precision and clarity in philosophical discussions, and encourages cooperation between philosophy and other disciplines. The journal is not affiliated with any particular school or faction. Instead, it promotes dialogues between different philosophical viewpoints. Theoria is peer-reviewed. It publishes articles, reviews, and shorter notes and discussions. Short discussion notes on recent articles in Theoria are welcome.
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