CEREAL IMPORT AND CONSUMPTION PATTERNS IN NEPAL – ANALYSIS OF RICE, WHEAT, MAIZE, AND MILLET: A REVIEW

This article examines the import and consumption patterns of four major cereal crops in Nepal, namely rice, wheat, maize, and millet. Using data from various sources, including the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development (MoALD), Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) and scholarly publications, we analyze the quantities of these cereals imported into Nepal, their major sources, and the factors driving import trends. We also explore the consumption patterns of these cereals, considering factors such as regional variations, seasonality, and cultural preferences. Finally, we discuss the challenges and opportunities associated with cereal import and consumption in Nepal, highlighting the significance of this issue for the country's food security and overall well-being. Our findings suggest that Nepal remains heavily dependent on cereal imports to meet domestic demand, and that the consumption patterns of these cereals vary considerably across the country. We conclude with some policy implications and recommendations for enhancing Nepal's cereal industry, promoting self-sufficiency in cereal production, and improving the nutritional status of its population.