益生菌和后益生菌在免疫系统调节中的作用

Neslihan Yeşilyurt, Birsen Yılmaz, D. Ağagündüz, R. Capasso
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引用次数: 54

摘要

肠道微生物群与其他系统相互作用,特别是免疫系统,免疫系统通过识别“陌生人”(病原体相关分子模式- pamps)和“危险”(损伤相关分子模式- damps)分子基序来保护身体。因此,它在各种疾病的发病机制和健康中起着重要作用。尽管使用益生菌可以调节肠道微生物群,提供健康益处和治疗疾病,但仍存在一些可能出现不良反应的可能性,特别是在免疫系统受到抑制的人群中。由于益生菌具有生物活性化合物,对健康有益,因此研究使用含有非活的益生菌微生物(副益生菌)和/或其代谢产物(后益生菌)的产品来代替益生菌产品。甚至有报道称,这些微生物化合物通过某种可能的机制比活微生物具有更强的免疫调节活性,并消除了益生菌的一些缺点。考虑到功能性食品在健康和疾病方面的使用越来越多,需要进一步研究在食品和制药工业以及免疫系统调节方面的异体和/或后生物使用的益处和优势。虽然益生菌已经被广泛研究了很长时间,但从最近的文献来看,后益生菌似乎是未来研究和应用的有前途的工具。本文综述了益生菌和后益生菌与免疫系统的相互作用,以及它们在食品制药工业和免疫系统调节领域的优缺点。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Involvement of Probiotics and Postbiotics in the Immune System Modulation
Intestinal microbiota interacts with other systems, especially the immune system, which is responsible for protecting the body by recognizing “stranger” (pathogen associated molecular patterns-PAMPs) and “danger” (damage-associated molecular patterns-DAMPs) molecular motifs. In this manner, it plays an important role in the pathogenesis of various diseases and health. Despite the use of probiotics that modulate the intestinal microbiota in providing health benefits and in the treatment of diseases, there are some possible concerns about the possibility of developing adverse effects, especially in people with suppressed immune systems. Since probiotics provide health benefits with bioactive compounds, studies are carried out on the use of products containing non-living probiotic microorganisms (paraprobiotics) and/or their metabolites (postbiotics) instead of probiotic products. It is even reported that these microbial compounds have more immunomodulatory activities than living microorganisms via some possible mechanism and eliminates some disadvantages of probiotics. Considering the increasing use of functional foods in health and disease, further studies are needed with respect to the benefits and advantages of parabiotic and/or postbiotic use in the food and pharmaceutical industry as well as immune system modulation. Although probiotics have been extensive studied for a long time, it seems that postbiotics are promising tools for future research and applications according to the recent literature. This review aimed to evaluate the interaction of probiotics and postbiotics with the immune systems and also their advantages and disadvantages in the area of food-pharmaceutical industry and immune system modulation.
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