Study of Immunohistochemical Marker Psma and Ki 67 Expression and Its Relation with Grading in Prostate Carcinoma

Background Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most frequent malignancy (after lung cancer) in men worldwide .In prostate cancer, immunohistochemistry (IHC) has an important role in the diagnostic confirmation. Gleason score, tumour volume, surgical margins and Ki-67 index are the most significant prognostic factors. The value of different biomarkers like p53, Ki-67, PSMA, androgen receptor mutations, IGF, E-cadherin remains to be applied in clinical practice. In the present study we studied the expression of PSMA and Ki 67 IHC marker in prostatic carcinoma cases and its relation with Gleason score and Gleason grade group of tumour. Method A total of 52 cases of prostate carcinoma diagnosed on histopathology as adenocarcinoma in the Department of surgical pathology within 2.5 years duration were further studied immunohistochemically by PSMA and Ki 67 antibodies. Results At the time of presentation most of the cases have serum PSA level 11-50 ng/ml and with increasing Gleason score it can be ≥100ng/ml. Majority of cases have Gleason score 7 and the most common Gleason grade group is 2. PSMA and Ki 67 IHC marker is significantly correlated with Gleason score and Gleason grade group. PSMA expression is significantly correlated with perineural invasion and Ki 67 with bone metastasis. Conclusion PSMA and Ki 67 IHC marker can be used in conjunction with or as a substitute to Gleason scoring system for proper risk.