一个奇怪的理论?论西方民间社会变迁理论在西方和亚洲的盛行

IF 2.4 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL
Johannes Klackl, Danielle P. Ochoa, Hongfei Du, E. Jonas, E. Kashima, Getrude C. Ah Gang, Y. Kashima
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引用次数: 2

摘要

根据西方民间的社会变革理论,社会的现代化使社会变得不那么温暖,但随着时间的推移,社会变得更有能力。由于WEIRD(西方的、受过教育的、工业化的、富裕的和民主的)社会经常处于现代化的前沿(有一些例外,最明显的是中国),这些社会也可能最容易内化这种民间理论。在这项研究中,我们通过在西方和亚洲社会的样本组中进行比较,使用感知社会温暖和能力的自我报告测量:社会变化感知量表(SCPS)来验证这一观点。我们发现,在西方和亚洲国家(美国、澳大利亚、新西兰、奥地利、菲律宾、中国和马来西亚)的大学生中,该量表在度量上是不变的。在所有七个国家中,人们都期望他们的社会随着时间的推移变得更有能力。在大多数国家,人们也期望他们的社会随着时间的推移变得更冷,尽管这种趋势在新西兰和美国人中是轻微和微不足道的。与西方国家相比,亚洲国家更普遍存在这种社交冷淡现象。这些国家的怪异程度,反映在他们的个人主义、教育、工业化、财富和民主的国家级指标上,并没有充分解释观察到的变化。尽管将SCPS应用于更广泛的样本和背景还有很多工作要做,但本研究为衡量和理解世界各地人们如何体验现代化的社会影响提供了一个起点。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A WEIRD Theory? On the Prevalence of Western Folk Theory of Social Change in the West and Asia
According to Western folk theory of social change, modernization of societies causes them to become less warm but more competent over time. Since WEIRD (Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic) societies are often at the forefront of modernization (with some exceptions, most notably China), these societies may also be most prone to internalizing this folk theory. In this research, we test this idea by making a comparison across a sample group of Western and Asian societies, using a self-report measure of perceived societal warmth and competence: The Social Change Perception Scale (SCPS). We found the scale to be metrically invariant among university students from a set of Western and Asian countries (United States, Australia, New Zealand, Austria, The Philippines, China, and Malaysia). In all seven countries, people expected their society to become more competent over time. In most countries, people also expected their society to become colder over time, although this tendency was slight and insignificant among New Zealanders and Americans. The perceived social cooling tended to be more prevalent in Asian countries rather than in Western countries. The countries’ degrees of WEIRDness, as reflected in their country-level indicators of individualism, education, industrialization, wealth, and democracy, did not adequately account for the observed variation. Though there is still much work to be done in applying the SCPS to broader samples and contexts, this study provides a starting point for measuring and understanding how people experience the social implications of modernization around the world.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
6.70%
发文量
69
期刊介绍: Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology publishes papers that focus on the interrelationships between culture and psychological processes. Submitted manuscripts may report results from either cross-cultural comparative research or results from other types of research concerning the ways in which culture (and related concepts such as ethnicity) affect the thinking and behavior of individuals as well as how individual thought and behavior define and reflect aspects of culture. Review papers and innovative reformulations of cross-cultural theory will also be considered. Studies reporting data from within a single nation should focus on cross-cultural perspective. Empirical studies must be described in sufficient detail to be potentially replicable.
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