西班牙一市新冠肺炎社区爆发的废水监测

María Barberá-Riera, R. Llanos, M. Barneo-Muñoz, L. Bijlsma, A. Celma, Iñaki Comas, B. Gomila, F. González-Candelas, Rafael Goterris-Cerisuelo, Fernando Martínez-García, Ernesto Santateresa, M. Torres-Puente, N. Zamorano-López, Rafael Bretón-Ramos, Eduardo Aguilar-Perdiguer, M. Rebagliato, J. Bellido-Blasco, Félix Hernández
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引用次数: 1

摘要

严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型(SARS-CoV-2)废水监测自2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行开始以来,已成为一种日益重要的工具,主要是在大规模人群中进行的监测。然而,大型污水渠可能无法提供监测局部疫情的适当信息。在西班牙Castellón的两个社区宣布爆发社区COVID-19疫情后,监测了废水样本中的SARS-CoV-2 RNA水平。此外,还进行了基因组测序。2020年收集了33份样本,分布在污水管网的三个点上,其中两个靠近宣布病例的地区。第三点位于城市污水处理厂(WWTP)的入口。利用特异的N1和N2靶区对样品进行RT-qPCR分析。计算每个采样日前3周内出现症状的确诊病例总数。两个采样点在社区水平上大部分时间检测到SARS-CoV-2 RNA,当研究区域最近21 d出现症状的病例数减少到0或1例时,检测结果为阴性。对来自废水和临床样本的RNA进行的基因组测序显示出相同的变异。SARS-CoV-2的检测和随后的未检测为负责控制疫情的流行病学家提供了有用的信息,以确认疫情的结束,补充了临床和流行病学数据。我们的研究结果说明了废水监测对局部疫情的价值,特别是在更广泛的社区层面低发病率的情况下。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Wastewater monitoring of a community COVID-19 outbreak in a Spanish municipality
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) wastewater surveillance has become an increasingly important tool since the initial moments of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, mainly conducted at a large population scale. However, the large-sized sewersheds may not provide suitable information for monitoring localized outbreaks. After the declaration of a community COVID-19 outbreak in two neighborhoods of Castellón (Spain), SARS-CoV-2 RNA levels were monitored in wastewater samples. Moreover, genomic sequencing was performed. Thirty-three samples were collected in 2020, distributed over three points of the sewage network, two of which were close to the areas where the cases were declared. The third point was located at the inlet of the municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The samples were analyzed by RT-qPCR, using specific N1 and N2 target regions. The sum of confirmed cases, with the date of symptoms onset within the 3 weeks before each sampling day, was calculated. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected on most days in the two sampling points at neighborhood level, and the detection became negative when the number of cases with symptoms onset during the last 21 days in the study areas decreased to 0 or 1 case. The genomic sequencing performed for RNA from wastewater and clinical samples showed the same variant. The detection of SARS-CoV-2 and the subsequent non-detection provided the epidemiologists in charge of controlling the outbreak with useful information to confirm its closure, complementing the clinical and epidemiological data. Our findings illustrate the value of wastewater surveillance for localized outbreaks, especially in situations of low incidence of COVID-19 at the broader community level.
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