The Assess Risk of Hypertension and its Potential Association with Coronary Diseases in Patients with High Pulse Wave Velocity

Background and objectives: The work was initiated to assess risk of hypertension and its potential association with coronary diseases in patients with high pulse wave velocity. Materials and methods: The study included 150 patients with hypertension in average age of 60.8 ± 7.05 years. Genotyping of the SNP was performed by polymerase chain reaction, multiplex Real-Time PCR. Essential hypertension panel: 9 genes. Vascular stiffness was determined on a Sphygmocor apparatus. Result: In our study, the highest genetic risk was found 55%. We found the PWV tendency to increase towards high genetic risk of susceptibility to the hypertension (12± 1.5 and 11± 2.8: 10.7± 5.3). In patients with high genetic risk, the systolic pressure was found 17 mm Hg higher than the one in the low risk group. Three genes of salt sensitivity were found to make a 70% contribution to the risk above (ADD1 1378 G/T, GNB825 C/T, and CYP11B2 С344Т). According to our findings, the deleterious alleles, such as CYP11B2, GNB and NOS3, made more frequent contribution to the hypertension risk and blood vessel deterioration. We suppose that the frequent occurrence of NOS3 mutations was associated with the endothelial dysfunction, a triggering mechanism for the vessel deterioration.In our study, mutations in NOS3:-786_T>C, GNB: 825_C>T, AGTR2:1675G>A and AGT:704_T>C genes occurred most frequently in patients with high genetic risk. Conclusions: The above mutations are supposed to cause alterations in phenotypic expression in the cells of blood vessels in every other hypertensive person. The alterations make up 55% of the whole population of hypertensive persons. In other cases, factors of ecological effect of the environment, probably, left behind the genetic inheritance regardless of age and sex. To our mind, there are significant ethnic differences in ADD1, GNB and CYP11B2 genes. Mutation points in the genes were associated with dangerous prediction of the hypertension. These conclusions confirmed the concept of variability of the mutations associated with the etiology of salt gradient disorder, geographical latitude and race phenotype. Thus, the panel we use can be a suitable genetic marker to identify subjects with high risk of hypertension living in the hot climate and having associations with ischemic stroke, diabetes and heart failure.