乙酰胆碱酯酶:阿尔茨海默病干预的潜在靶点

Q4 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Rajesh Basnet, Sandhya Khadka, B. B. Basnet, Radheshyam Gupta
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引用次数: 4

摘要

阿尔茨海默病(AD)是一种无法解释的进行性退行性脑疾病;它占全球痴呆症病例的60-70%,估计全球发病率为2430万,并与中枢神经系统的恶化有关。乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)是一种催化乙酰胆碱分解为乙酸盐和胆碱的酶。它也是临床上大多数治疗AD药物的潜在靶点。胆碱能神经元的变性和神经传递的丧失是AD患者认知能力下降的主要原因。近年来,AD靶向药物的开发取得了重大成果。AD的全球影响持续扩大,因此,疾病改良疗法的重点仍然难以捉摸。治疗的作用不仅限于药理学,还涉及许多因素,如患者和家人的心理、社会和经济方面。AChE是AD的一个重要靶点,考虑在轻度至中度AD患者中使用AChE抑制剂,尽管成本很高,而且没有取得其他直接进展。尽管有许多AChE抑制剂,但没有针对AChE的选择性强效抑制剂。仍然需要解决人AChE的结构,提供对关键蛋白质-配体相互作用的关键见解,并为分子建模和基于结构的药物设计提供基础。在这篇综述中,我们简要介绍了AD的临床特征、晶体结构的发展以及AD的最新研究。近年来,淀粉样蛋白-β、BACE1和1型干扰素受体α-1的不同策略的发展引起了人们的极大关注。迫切需要进一步表征可用的仪器化合物,以探索新的选择性和关键的蛋白质-配体相互作用在AD中的应用。在过去的几十年里,AD的治疗取得了巨大进展,但AD仍然是世界上的问题之一,而治愈AD的能力表明迫切需要新的治疗方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Perspective on Acetylcholinesterase: A Potential Target for Alzheimer’s Disease Intervention
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an unexplained progressive degenerative brain disease; it accounts for 60-70% of dementia cases worldwide, has an estimated global incidence of 24.3 million, and is associated with deterioration of the central nervous system. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of acetylcholine to acetate and choline. It is also the potential target of most of the clinically used drugs for the treatment of AD. The degeneration of cholinergic neurons and the loss of neural transmission are the main reasons for the decline of cognitive ability in AD patients. In recent years, the development of targeted drugs in AD has made significant achievements. The global impact of AD continues to grow, and as a result, the focus of disease-modifying therapies remains elusive. The role of treatment is not limited to pharmacology but involves many factors, such as the psychological, social, and economic aspects of the patient and family. AChE is an important target in AD to consider the use of AChE inhibitors in patients with mild to moderate AD, even though the costs are high and no other direct progress has been made. Although there are many AChE inhibitors, there is no selective potent inhibitor for AChE. There is still a need to address human AChE structure, provide key insights into key protein-ligand interactions, and provide the basis for molecular modeling and structure-based drug design. In this review, we briefly introduce the clinical characteristics of AD, the development of crystal structure, and the latest research on AD. In recent years, the development of different strategies for amyloid-β, BACE1, and type-1 interferon receptor alpha-1 has attracted great attention. There is an urgent need to further characterize available instrumental compounds to explore the use of new selectivity and key protein-ligand interactions in AD. In the past few decades, great progress has been made in the treatment of AD, but AD is still one of the world's problems, and the inability to cure AD, indicates that there is an urgent need for new treatments.
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来源期刊
Current Enzyme Inhibition
Current Enzyme Inhibition Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics-Drug Discovery
CiteScore
1.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
30
期刊介绍: Current Enzyme Inhibition aims to publish all the latest and outstanding developments in enzyme inhibition studies with regards to the mechanisms of inhibitory processes of enzymes, recognition of active sites, and the discovery of agonists and antagonists, leading to the design and development of new drugs of significant therapeutic value. Each issue contains a series of timely, in-depth reviews written by leaders in the field, covering a range of enzymes that can be exploited for drug development. Current Enzyme Inhibition is an essential journal for every pharmaceutical and medicinal chemist who wishes to have up-to-date knowledge about each and every development in the study of enzyme inhibition.
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