养殖虾供应链质量安全保障分析

Rizki Dewi Kristikareni, Abdul Rokhman, A. Poernomo
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引用次数: 0

摘要

乌当是印度尼西亚有蹄类动物出口的商品,需要高质量和安全的前体。为了获得适当的乌当前体,供应链的所有成员必须根据KP命令编号:52A/KEPMEN-KP/2013,对检查结果适用相互保证的条件和安全性。本研究的目的是评估雅加达北部鱼类养殖单位(UPI)草莓供应链上相互保证条件的应用和保护结果的安全性。选择了两个UPI来回应之前关于满足预期条件的链接。数据收集是通过调查、观察和采访合众社、收藏者/供应商、导游和买家进行的。使用双截面分析和相关测试来评估相互保证条件应用的兼容性和维护结果的安全性。鉴定结果表明,与现有标准相比,驱动程序和收集器/供应商之间仍存在应用差距。驾驶员的调整率为58%(不适当),供应商的调整率则为48%(不恰当)。由于全球市场的需求非常高,而供应不匹配,预计合众社对羊肉的升值和国防安全的结果仍然不令人满意。供应链之间单独颁发证书预计是原因之一。在实施养殖虾出口认证制度时,需要改变政策,将其整合为一个证书。虾是印度尼西亚的主要出口商品,需要高质量和安全的原材料。为了获得合适的虾原料,供应链的所有成员都必须根据KP编号为52A/KEPMEN-KP/2013的部长令,适用渔业产品的质量保证和安全要求。本研究旨在评估北雅加达鱼类加工单位养殖虾原料供应商供应链中渔业产品质量保证和安全要求的实施情况。选择了两个UPI作为调查对象,对其供应商进行了符合规定要求的评估。数据收集是通过调查、观察和采访合众社、收集者/供应商、农民和饲养者进行的。差距分析和多重相关性检验用于评估质量保证和渔业产品安全要求实施的适当性。结果表明,与现有标准相比,农民和供应商在执行该要求方面存在差距。农民的实施水平为58%(根据较少),供应商为48%(不根据)。据观察,合众社对渔业产品质量和安全的评价不足,据称是因为全球市场的需求非常高,而供应却无法满足需求。供应链上单独颁发质量和安全证书被认为是原因之一。有必要改变实施出口对虾养殖认证制度的政策战略,该制度可以整合为一个证书。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
ANALISIS JAMINAN MUTU DAN KEAMANAN PANGAN SEPANJANG RANTAI PASOK UDANG BUDIDAYA (ANALYSIS OF QUALITY AND SAFETY ASSURANCE ALONG THE SUPPLY CHAIN OF CULTURED SHRIMP)
 Udang merupakan komoditas unggulan ekspor Indonesia yang memerlukan bahan baku yang berkualitas dan aman. Untuk mendapatkan bahan baku udang yang sesuai, seluruh anggota rantai pasok harus menerapkan persyaratan jaminan mutu dan keamanan hasil perikanan sesuai Kepmen KP Nomor: 52A/KEPMEN-KP/2013. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi penerapan persyaratan jaminan mutu dan keamanan hasil perikanan sepanjang rantai pasok bahan baku udang untuk unit pengolahan ikan (UPI) di Jakarta Utara. Dua UPI telah dipilih menjadi responden untuk dirunut ke hulu mengenai pemenuhan persyaratan dimaksud. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui survei, observasi dan wawancara kepada UPI, pengumpul/pemasok, pembudidaya dan pembenih. Analisis kesenjangan dan uji korelasi berganda digunakan untuk menilai kesesuaian penerapan persyaratan jaminan mutu dan keamanan hasil perikanan. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan masih terdapat kesenjangan penerapan yang dilakukan oleh pembudidaya dan pengumpul/pemasok dengan standar yang ada. Tingkat kesesuaian pada pembudidaya 58% (kurang sesuai) dan pemasok 48% (tidak sesuai). Apresiasi UPI terhadap mutu dan keamanan hasil perikanan masih belum memadai, diduga karena permintaan di pasar global sangat tinggi sedangkan pasokannya tidak sesuai. Penerbitan sertifikat yang terpisah-pisah di antara rantai pasok diduga menjadi salah satu penyebab. Diperlukan perubahan strategi kebijakan dalam pelaksanaan sistem sertifikasi udang budidaya untuk ekspor yang terintegrasi dalam satu sertifikat.Shrimp is Indonesia's leading export commodity that requires quality and safe raw materials. To get appropriate shrimp raw materials, all members of the supply chain must apply the quality assurance and safety requirements of fishery products in accordance with Ministerial Decree KP Number: 52A/KEPMEN-KP/2013. This study aimed to evaluate the implementation of quality assurance and safety requirements for fishery products along the supply chain of cultured shrimp raw material suppliers for fish processing units (UPI) in North Jakarta. Two UPIs have been selected as respondents whose suppliers were evaluated regarding the fulfillment of the specified requirements. Data collection was carried out through surveys, observations, and interviews with UPI, collectors/suppliers, farmers, and breeders. Gap analysis and multiple correlation tests were used to assess the appropriateness of the implementation of quality assurance and fishery product safety requirements. The results show that gaps existed between the implementation of the requirement by farmers and suppliers compared with existing standards. The implementation level for farmers is 58% (less according) and the supplier 48% (not according). It was observed that UPI's appreciation of the quality and safety of fishery products was inadequate, allegedly because demand in the global market is very high while the supply does not meet the demand. Issuance of separate quality and safety certificates along the supply chain are believed to be one of the causes. There is a need to change the policy strategy in implementing the shrimp culture certification system for export which can be integrated into one certificate.
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