高校网络及其融资问题分析

Oksana Pysarchuk
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引用次数: 0

摘要

审查了专家培训的质量问题以及以预算资金以及个人和法律实体的资金为代价资助乌克兰高等教育寻求者培训的问题。这项研究的目的是确定如何提高预算资金用于资助学生培训的效率,同时确保这一过程的适当质量。在研究过程中,数据科学工具包已被用于处理大量大数据信息。结合一套实证方法的应用,本研究能够提出一个假设,即高等教育机构之间存在预算资金的不合理分配,以资助某些专业的学生培训。本文回顾了乌克兰高等教育机构网络在国有、公共和私人所有权形式以及部门隶属关系独立期间的发展动态。通过与欧洲国家和美国相应的教育机构网络结构的比较,对网络结构与寻求高等教育人数的关系进行了比较分析,证实了高等教育机构网络及其结构优化的相关性。人为创建的高等教育机构隶属于具有特权运营条件的个别部委和国家服务机构,在缺乏内部竞争的情况下,这些机构的存在逐渐降低了培训质量,导致预算资金的使用效率逐渐降低。这项工作定量地证实了国家在高等教育专家培训高等教育机构中的不合理分配造成的财政损失。不完整群体比例高、无法确保高质量的专业培训、由于教育服务市场缺乏竞争力而无法吸引外部资金来源进行专业培训的高等教育机构,只会花费预算资金而没有取得适当的效果。根据研究结果,提出了乌克兰高等教育机构网络的广义优化准则,供乌克兰政府机构参考
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Analysis of the higher education institutions network and the problem of its financing
The problem of the quality of specialists training and the issue of financing the training of higher education seekers in Ukraine at the expense of budget funds and the funds of individuals and legal entities are examined. The purpose of the study is to identify ways to increase the efficiency of the use of budget funds to finance the training of students while ensuring the proper quality of this process. During the research, the Data Science toolkit has been used to work with large arrays of Big Data information. In combination with the application of a set of empirical methods, the research enables to put forward a hypothesis about the existence of an irrational distribution of budget funds among higher education institutions (HEIs) to finance the training of students in certain specialties. The article reviews the dynamics of the development of the network of HEIs of Ukraine during the period of independence of state-owned, communal and private forms of ownership and departmental subordination. A comparative analysis of the network structure in relation to the number of higher education seekers has been carried out in comparison with the corresponding structure of the network of educational institutions in European countries and in the USA, which confirms the relevance of the optimization of the network of HEIs and its structure. The presence of artificially created HEIs, which are subordinate to individual ministries and state services with privileged operating conditions, gradually reduces the quality of training in the absence of internal competition, which leads to a gradual decrease in the efficiency of the use of budget funding. The work quantitatively substantiates the state’s financial losses from the irrational distribution of the state order among HEIs for the training of specialists with higher education. HEIs with a high proportion of incomplete groups, that are unable to ensure high quality of specialist training, are unable to attract external sources of funding for specialist training as a result of non-competitiveness in the market of educational services, are only spending budget funds without proper results. According to the research results, generalized optimization criteria of the network of HEIs of Ukraine are proposed, which can be used by the governmental bodies of Ukraine
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