音乐家和非音乐家的执行功能是否存在性别差异?

IF 1.2 4区心理学 Q4 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Journal of Individual Differences Pub Date : 2021-07-29 DOI:10.1027/1614-0001/a000350

P. Jansen, Sabine Hoja, Leonardo Jost

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引用次数: 2

摘要

摘要到目前为止，与非音乐家相比，音乐家在执行功能（EF）方面的表现更好，这与可能的性别差异有关。为此，本研究的主要目标是调查执行职能中可能存在的性别差异。63名音乐家和64名非音乐家，分别为63名男性和64名女性，完成了（a）认知处理速度（ZVT）、（b）工作记忆（2-Back任务）、（c）抑制（Flanker任务）和（d）认知灵活性（Wisconsin Card Sorting Test，WCST）的测试。结果显示，与非音乐家相比，音乐家在工作记忆任务中的目标准确性表现明显更好，但在执行功能的其他任务中却没有。此外，女性在2背任务中的目标准确性表现优于男性。然而，只有认知处理速度可以预测工作记忆表现，而不能预测群体隶属关系或性别。这项研究表明，在受过训练的小组中，执行职能的性别差异也不太可能出现。

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Are There Gender Differences in Executive Functions in Musicians and Non-Musicians?

Abstract. Until now, better performance in executive functions (EF) in musicians compared to non-musicians has not been investigated in relation to possible gender differences. For that, it is the main goal of this study to investigate possible gender differences in executive functions. Sixty-three musicians and 64 non-musicians, 63 men and 64 women respectively, completed tests of (a) cognitive processing speed (ZVT), (b) working memory (2-Back Task), (c) inhibition (Flanker Task), and (d) cognitive flexibility (Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, WCST). Results showed a significantly better performance for the target accuracy in the working memory task for musicians compared to non-musicians but not in the other tasks of executive functions. Furthermore, women demonstrated a better performance than men for the target accuracy in the 2-Back Task. However, only cognitive processing speed predicted working memory performance but not the group affiliation or gender. This study revealed that gender differences in executive functions are less likely to appear also in a trained sub-group.

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来源期刊

Journal of Individual Differences PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL-

CiteScore

2.70

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Researchers, teachers, and students interested in all areas of individual differences (e.g., gender, temperament, personality, intelligence) and their assessment in human and animal research will find the Journal of Individual Differences useful. The Journal of Individual Differences publishes manuscripts dealing with individual differences in behavior, emotion, cognition, and their developmental aspects. This includes human as well as animal research. The Journal of Individual Differences is conceptualized to bring together researchers working in different areas ranging from, for example, molecular genetics to theories of complex behavior.