Aplicação de marcadores SNP em estudos de diversidade genética em Capra hircus: tendencias, vieses e progressos

Capra hircus is distributed worldwide due to its extraordinary adaptability and robustness as a source of food, fibers and skin. Genetic markers of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) allow the investigation of issues involving evolutionary changes and conservation of population biodiversity. This study aimed to verify the main focus of studies in the world using the marker SNP in Capra hircus (goats). Bibexcel bibliometric research software was used to analyze the publications of Web of ScienceTM until August 2018, which adopted the genetic marker SNP. Of 53,000 registered publications, only 390 employed the SNP markers. The three countries that stood out in publications were China (146 publications), India (64) and Italy (42). Brazil was in eleventh position, with a record of five (05) publications. Several of the keywords were grouped as being semantically equivalent and associated to a specific theme, thus it was possible to identify 23% of the scientific productions associated with the polymorphism of milk proteins, 23% with aspects of reproduction 13% linked to growth and gain of weight; genetic diversity with a percentage of 34%. GWAS studies were cited in 7% of the productions and less than 1% of the studies were associated with adaptation characteristics. The number of publications was related to the technical qualification and laboratory capacity of the country.