含异源鸟氨酸-δ-氨基转移酶基因的转基因普通小麦Zymoyarka的耐水性

IF 0.4 Q4 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
O. Dubrovna, G. Priadkina, S. Mykhalska, A. Komisarenko
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The enhanced expression of the orni-\nthine-δ-aminotransferase gene in the transgenic plants stimulated root growth both under optimal and stressful conditions:\nthe root length of the transformed plants exceeded that of the original variety by 3.4–3.9 cm in the variant with optimal\nwater supply, and by 4.2–4.6 cm – under drought. They were also characterized by a more developed root system. Dry root\nweight of the transgenic plants exceeded the original variety both in the control (by 23–27 %), and under drought (by 37–\n44 %). Under drought, the root dry weight decreased by 29 % in the plants of the original variety, compared 70 % fi eld\ncapacity, and by 11–15 % in the lines. Under 30 % field capacity, the transgenic lines also exceeded non-transformed plants\nin the number of grains from the whole plant (on average for 3 lines by 26 %) and in the grain weight (by 22 %). Transgenic\nplants are characterized by the formation of a higher productive shoots number: from 3.2 to 3.4 compared with 2.5 in\nnon-transgenic plants at 70 % fi eld capacity and 2.7–3.1 vs 2.2 at 30 % field capacity it was found. Conclusions. Thus,\nthe analysis of genetically modified common wheat plants cv. Zymoyarka, containing the heterologous alfalfa ornithine-δ-\naminotransferase gene, by yield structure elements, morphometric parameters and photosynthetic pigment content showed\ntheir better tolerance to soil drought as compared to non-transgenic plants. 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引用次数: 1

摘要

目标在分析转基因和非转基因基因型的粮食产量和生理生化特性的基础上,测定含有异源鸟氨酸-δ-氨基转移酶基因的普通小麦(Triticum aestivum L.,cvZymoyarka)的耐缺水性。方法。生物化学分光光度测定:鸟氨酸-δ-氨基转移酶活性、游离L-脯氨酸含量和光合成色素含量;生物技术:农杆菌介导的植物转化;生理学:形态特征和粮食生产力要素;数理统计。后果已经确定,在转基因植物中存在额外拷贝的鸟氨酸-δ-氨基转移酶基因会导致鸟氨酸-Δ-氨基转移酶类的活性更高:与非转基因植物相比,在70%的田间容量下,所有品系的平均活性高1.6倍,在30%的田间容量时,平均活性高1.5倍。然而,无论是在最佳水分条件下还是在土壤干旱条件下,转基因植物的游离L-脯氨酸含量都与原始品种没有显著差异。与原始基因型相比,转基因植物旗叶中总叶绿素(a+b)含量在最佳供水和干旱条件下都有所增加(分别增加5-7%和8-11%)。在最佳和胁迫条件下,转基因植物中鸟氨酸-δ-氨基转移酶基因表达的增强都刺激了根系生长:在最佳供水条件下,转化植物的根长比原始品种长3.4–3.9厘米,在干旱条件下超过4.2–4.6厘米。它们的特征还在于根系更加发达。转基因植物的干根重在对照(23–27%)和干旱(37–44%)下都超过了原始品种。在干旱条件下,原始品种植株的根干重下降了29%,而品系的根重下降了70%。在30%的田间容量下,转基因品系在全株籽粒数量(3个品系平均增加26%)和粒重(增加22%)方面也超过了未转化的植株。转基因植物的特点是形成更高产的芽数:在70%的田间容量下,与2.5个非转基因植物相比,从3.2到3.4,在30%的田间容量时,从2.7到3.1比2.2。结论。因此,通过对含有异源苜蓿鸟氨酸-δ-氨基转移酶基因的转基因普通小麦Zymoyarka的产量结构元素、形态计量参数和光合色素含量的分析表明,与非转基因植物相比,其对土壤干旱的耐受性更强。我们解释了在添加了一个额外拷贝的鸟氨酸-δ-氨基转移酶基因的转基因小麦系中,整个植株的籽粒生产力的提高,因为它们的根系发育得更好(转基因植株的干根重在对照和干旱下都超过了原品种23-27%)(3个品系的平均值为3.3,而非转基因植物在70%田间容量时为2.5,在30%田间容量下为2.9,而在最佳和不足供水条件下为2.2)生产芽数均高于原始品种。
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Water deficiency tolerance of genetically modified common wheat cv. Zymoyarka, containing a heterologous ornithine-δ-aminotransferase gene
Aim. To determine water deficiency tolerance of genetically modified common wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L., cv Zymoyarka), containing the heterologous ornithine-δ-aminotransferase gene, based on the analysis of grain productivity and physiological and biochemical characteristics in transgenic and non-transgenic genotypes. Methods. Biochemical spectrophotometric assays: the enzyme ornithine-δ-aminotransferase activity, the free L-proline content, and the photosynthetic pigments content; biotechnological: Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in planta; physiological: morphometric traits and elements of grain productivity; mathematical statistics. Results. It was established that the presence of an additional copy of the ornithine-δ-aminotransferase gene in transgenic plants leads to higher activity of the ornithine-δ- aminotransferase enzyme: by 1.6 times higher on average for all lines as compared to the non-transgenic plants at 70 % of fi eld capacity and by 1.5 – at 30 % fi eld capacity. However, transgenic plants did not differ significantly from the original variety in the free L-proline content either under optimal water conditions or under soil drought. The increase in the total chlorophyll (a + b) content in flag leaves of transgenic plants was established under conditions of both optimal water supply and drought, as compared with the original genotype (increase by 5–7 % and 8–11 %, respectively). The enhanced expression of the orni- thine-δ-aminotransferase gene in the transgenic plants stimulated root growth both under optimal and stressful conditions: the root length of the transformed plants exceeded that of the original variety by 3.4–3.9 cm in the variant with optimal water supply, and by 4.2–4.6 cm – under drought. They were also characterized by a more developed root system. Dry root weight of the transgenic plants exceeded the original variety both in the control (by 23–27 %), and under drought (by 37– 44 %). Under drought, the root dry weight decreased by 29 % in the plants of the original variety, compared 70 % fi eld capacity, and by 11–15 % in the lines. Under 30 % field capacity, the transgenic lines also exceeded non-transformed plants in the number of grains from the whole plant (on average for 3 lines by 26 %) and in the grain weight (by 22 %). Transgenic plants are characterized by the formation of a higher productive shoots number: from 3.2 to 3.4 compared with 2.5 in non-transgenic plants at 70 % fi eld capacity and 2.7–3.1 vs 2.2 at 30 % field capacity it was found. Conclusions. Thus, the analysis of genetically modified common wheat plants cv. Zymoyarka, containing the heterologous alfalfa ornithine-δ- aminotransferase gene, by yield structure elements, morphometric parameters and photosynthetic pigment content showed their better tolerance to soil drought as compared to non-transgenic plants. We explain the improvement of grain productivity of the whole plant in transgenic wheat lines with an additional copy of ornithine-δ-aminotransferase gene by the fact that they have a better developed root system (dry root weight of the transgenic plants exceeded the original variety both in the control by 23–27 %, and under drought by 37–44 %) and a higher (on average for 3 lines – 3.3 compared to 2.5 in non- transgenic plants at 70 % fi eld capacity and 2.9 vs 2.2 at 30 % fi eld capacity) number of productive shoots than in the origi- nal variety both under optimal and insuffi cient water supply.
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Agricultural Science and Practice
Agricultural Science and Practice AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
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