非洲宗教信仰在大西洋世界的根源与路径

IF 1.1 2区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY
M. Childs
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引用次数: 1

摘要

摘要:本文分析了历史学家如何构建和研究15世纪至19世纪大西洋世界的奴隶制与宗教之间的关系。纵观史学,很明显,历史学家更感兴趣的是写奴隶中的基督教,而不是非洲后裔不同信仰体系的宗教史。对于历史学家来说,研究非洲的宇宙论如何成为美洲的宗教是比较常见的,因为将历史作为一门学科来构建的基本思想。以宗教为主题的历史学术研究有着悠久的传统,研究各种异质的宗教系统是如何融入天主教和新教正统教义的。相比之下,非洲的宗教表现出平行的信仰体系,兼收并蓄的多种宇宙论,与文本无关的宗教权威,秘密和无记录的入会仪式,以及对时间线性过程的顽固无视,使得很难通过历史框架来分析他们的习俗、传统和信仰体系。因此,美洲的非洲和新非洲宗教,如Santeria, candombl和伏都教,继续吸引着人类学家的大部分注意力,而历史学家则更愿意在随时间变化的模型和基督教克里奥尔化的叙事结构中工作。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Roots and Routes of African Religious Beliefs in the Atlantic World
Abstract:This article analyzes how historians have framed and studied the relationship between slavery and religion in the Atlantic world from the fifteenth to the nineteenth century. In surveying the historiography, it becomes readily apparent that historians are far more interested in writing about Christianity among the enslaved than the religious histories of African-descended peoples' diverse belief systems. It has been more common for historians to study how cosmologies in Africa became religions in the Americas because of the basic ideas that structure history as a discipline. Historical scholarship with a thematic focus on religion has a long tradition of examining how various heterogenous religious systems became incorporated into Catholic and Protestant orthodoxy. By contrast, African religions that display parallel belief systems, eclectic incorporation of multiple cosmologies, religious authority not tied to a text, secret and undocumented initiation ceremonies, and a stubborn disregard for time as a linear process have made it difficult to analyze their customs, traditions, and belief systems through a historical framework. Consequently, African and neo-African religions in the Americas such as Santeria, Candomblé, and Vodun continue to draw the attention largely of anthropologists, whereas historians are more comfortable working within the change-over-time model and a narrative structure of Christian creolization.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.40
自引率
12.50%
发文量
52
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