设计一个季节性适应研究提出了挑战和机遇

IF 2.2 4区 生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY
R. Huey, Lauren B. Buckley
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引用次数: 8

摘要

生活在季节性环境中的生物经常调整生理能力和敏感性,以响应(或预期)环境的变化。这样的生理和形态调整(“驯化”和相关术语)激发了探索这些调整背后的机制基础的机会,以检测诱导调整的线索,并阐明其生态和进化后果。季节性调整(“季节性适应”)可以通过测量在不同季节直接从自然界(或室外围场)中获得的生物的生理能力和敏感性来检测,也可以通过在实验室中饲养和测量在试图模仿或跟踪自然条件下维持的生物来检测。但是,在实验室中模拟自然条件是具有挑战性的——这样做需要事先了解与生态相关的体温周期、光周期、食物配给、社会环境以及其他变量的自然历史知识。我们认为,传统的基于实验室的条件通常无法接近自然季节条件(温度、光周期、食物、“封锁”)。因此,所产生的驯化位移是否正确地接近自然界的变化是不确定的,有时是可疑的。我们认为,背景自然历史信息为设计适应性协议提供了机会,这些协议不仅更具生态相关性,而且可以作为测试传统协议有效性的模板。最后,我们提出了几个有助于增强生态现实主义的最佳实践。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Designing a Seasonal Acclimation Study Presents Challenges and Opportunities
Synopsis Organisms living in seasonal environments often adjust physiological capacities and sensitivities in response to (or in anticipation of) environment shifts. Such physiological and morphological adjustments (“acclimation” and related terms) inspire opportunities to explore the mechanistic bases underlying these adjustments, to detect cues inducing adjustments, and to elucidate their ecological and evolutionary consequences. Seasonal adjustments (“seasonal acclimation”) can be detected either by measuring physiological capacities and sensitivities of organisms retrieved directly from nature (or outdoor enclosures) in different seasons or less directly by rearing and measuring organisms maintained in the laboratory under conditions that attempt to mimic or track natural ones. But mimicking natural conditions in the laboratory is challenging—doing so requires prior natural-history knowledge of ecologically relevant body temperature cycles, photoperiods, food rations, social environments, among other variables. We argue that traditional laboratory-based conditions usually fail to approximate natural seasonal conditions (temperature, photoperiod, food, “lockdown”). Consequently, whether the resulting acclimation shifts correctly approximate those in nature is uncertain, and sometimes is dubious. We argue that background natural history information provides opportunities to design acclimation protocols that are not only more ecologically relevant, but also serve as templates for testing the validity of traditional protocols. Finally, we suggest several best practices to help enhance ecological realism.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
6.70%
发文量
48
审稿时长
20 weeks
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