内脏和粘膜相关的鼠李糖乳杆菌来自器官供体肠道

Gut microbiome (Cambridge, England) Pub Date : 2020-11-10 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI:10.1017/gmb.2020.4
Alan J Marsh, Al-Mounawara A Yaya, Sandy Ng, Kshipra Chandrashekhar, Jeff Roach, Scott T Magness, M Andrea Azcarate-Peril
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引用次数: 0

摘要

了解个体内肠道微生物种群的空间和区域分布对于理解肠道宿主-微生物相互作用至关重要。在这项研究中,我们通过16S rRNA扩增子测序和高通量定量聚合酶链反应对四个器官供体的小肠和小肠粘膜样品进行了成分分析。由于人类微生物群在较低的分类水平上受到选择压力,我们分离了400多株细菌,并研究了来自不同肠道区域的11株鼠李糖乳杆菌的菌株水平变化。结果证实了报道的个体间变异性以及沿胃肠道的个体内差异。尽管肠道和粘膜相关群落在个体内相似,但相对丰度反映了供体的人口统计学和潜在病理。所有供体的细菌总负荷从小肠到结肠都有所增加,而双歧杆菌在小肠中的丰度更高。鼠李糖的比较基因组分析表明,菌株分为两个不同的簇,没有发现特定于位置的特征。分析表明,在胞外多糖的产生、碳水化合物的利用、菌毛的形成和维生素K的生物合成等方面存在遗传差异。该研究有助于了解生态位特异性微生物群落,鼓励后续研究更好地了解较低分类水平的微生物特征。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Lumen and mucosa-associated Lactobacillus rhamnosus from the intestinal tract of organ donors.

Knowledge of the intra-individual spatial and regional distribution of intestinal microbial populations is essential to understand gut host-microbial interactions. In this study, we performed a compositional analysis of luminal and mucosal samples from the small and large intestine of four organ donors by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and high-throughput quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Since the human microbiota is subject to selection pressure at lower taxonomic levels, we isolated over 400 bacterial strains and investigated strain-level variation of 11 Lactobacillus rhamnosus from different intestinal regions. Results substantiate reported inter-individual variability as well as intra-individual differences along the gastrointestinal tract. Although the luminal and mucosal-associated communities were similar within individuals, relative abundance reflected the donors' demographic and potential pathologies. The total bacterial load of all donors increased from small intestine to colon, while Bifidobacterium was in greater abundance in the small intestine. Comparative genomic analysis of L. rhamnosus showed the strains segregated into two distinct clusters and identified no features specific to location. Analysis revealed genetic differences for exopolysaccharide production, carbohydrate utilization, pilus formation and vitamin K biosynthesis between clusters. This study contributes to the understanding of niche-specific microbial communities, encouraging subsequent studies to better understand microbial signatures at lower taxonomic levels.

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