生态、文化和行为:在社会发展中的作用

IF 2.4 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL
J. Berry
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引用次数: 1

摘要

跨文化心理学研究人类行为在全球不同生态和文化背景下的发展和表现。我对这一领域采取了两种观点:功能主义和普遍主义。第一种观点认为,个人行为以不同的方式适应这些环境,从而使生活取得成功;也就是说,适应涉及随着时间的推移改变社会制度和行为,以满足当地文化人群的需求和目标。第二种观点认为这些行为根植于物种共享的过程和能力;也就是说,所有人类都拥有一套共同的潜在发展潜力。从这两个角度来看,我认为行为在不同文化中有不同的形成、发展和表达的证据,与这些发展发生的共同潜在过程之间没有矛盾。从这一概念联系来看,对文化敏感的发展不是一种“一刀切”的方法,而是一种植根于并满足当地和全球需求和关切的方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Ecology, Culture, and Behavior: Role in Societal Development
The field of cross-cultural psychology studies the development and display of human behavior as it emerges in various ecological and cultural contexts worldwide. I adopt two perspectives on this field: functionalism and universalism. The first perspective considers that individual behaviors are adaptive to these contexts in variable ways that permit success in life; that is, adaptation involves changing societal institutions and behaviors over time to meet the needs and goals of local cultural populations. The second perspective views these behaviors as being rooted in species-wide shared processes and capacities; that is, all human beings possess a set of common underlying potentials for development. From these two perspectives, I see no contradiction between evidence that behaviors are differentially shaped, developed, and expressed in different cultures, and the evidence that there are shared underlying processes on which these developments take place. Culturally sensitive development, when viewed within this conceptual nexus, is not a “one size fits all” approach, but one that is rooted in, and meets, both local and global needs and concerns.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
6.70%
发文量
69
期刊介绍: Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology publishes papers that focus on the interrelationships between culture and psychological processes. Submitted manuscripts may report results from either cross-cultural comparative research or results from other types of research concerning the ways in which culture (and related concepts such as ethnicity) affect the thinking and behavior of individuals as well as how individual thought and behavior define and reflect aspects of culture. Review papers and innovative reformulations of cross-cultural theory will also be considered. Studies reporting data from within a single nation should focus on cross-cultural perspective. Empirical studies must be described in sufficient detail to be potentially replicable.
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