鼻后嗅的鼻空气动力学视角:啮齿动物与人类

IF 1 4区 医学 Q4 Neuroscience
Kanghyun Kim, Kai Zhao
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引用次数: 0

摘要

【摘要】气味感知可以通过正鼻或后鼻途径实现,后鼻途径是气味感知的重要组成部分。大鼠和人类之间存在着显著的嗅觉差异,通过了解结构差异的作用,可以进一步了解通过正鼻或后鼻途径感知气味的机制。方法采用三维人与大鼠(Sprague-Dawley)计算模型,研究鼻腔解剖结构对气味向嗅上皮运输的影响。对人类和大鼠的鼻咽区域进行了修饰,以探讨鼻腔结构对矫形嗅觉和复古嗅觉的影响。从每个模型中提取65种气味对嗅上皮的吸收率。结果与正鼻途径相比,后鼻途径对人体气味的吸收峰值更高(左:高90%,右:高45%),但对大鼠的吸收峰明显降低(内侧:低97%,外侧:低75%)。在这两种模型中,解剖改变对正鼻路径的影响很小,但对后鼻路径的影响很大:人的后鼻路径减少(左:- 41.4%,右:- 44.2%),大鼠的后鼻路径增加(29.5%),但不增加(- 14.3%)。结论人与大鼠在气味的复古/正鼻运输途径上存在关键差异,这与文献中实验嗅球活动数据吻合较好。虽然人类在两种途径之间具有相同的气味传递,但啮齿类动物的逆鼻和正鼻途径的差异是巨大的,鼻咽上方横板的变化可以实质性地调节逆鼻途径,但不足以弥合两种途径之间的差距。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

A Nasal Aerodynamics Perspective of Retronasal Olfaction: Rodents vs. Humans

A Nasal Aerodynamics Perspective of Retronasal Olfaction: Rodents vs. Humans

Abstract

Introduction

Odor perception can be achieved through ortho or retronasal routes, with the latter being an important component of flavor perception. There are significant olfactory differences that exist between rats and humans and by understanding the role of structural differences, further insight can be gained into the mechanism of odorant perception via ortho or retronasal routes.

Methods

3D human and rat (Sprague–Dawley) computational models were used to investigate nasal anatomy impact on ortho vs. retronasal odorant transport to the olfactory epithelium. The nasal pharynx region was modified for human and rat models to probe nasal structure impact on ortho vs. retro olfaction. Sixty-five odorant absorption rates to the olfactory epithelium were extracted from each model.

Results

The retronasal route provided higher peak odorant absorption compared to orthonasal route for human (left: 90% higher, right: 45% higher), but substantially lowered peak absorption for rat (medial: 97% lower, lateral: 75% lower). For both models, anatomical modification had minimal impact to orthonasal routes, but substantially modulated the retronasal route: decrease (left: − 41.4%, right: − 44.2%) for human, and increase to the medial (29.5%) but not to lateral (− 14.3%) for rat.

Conclusions

There exist key differences between humans and rats regarding retro/orthonasal odorant transport routes, which matched well with experimental olfactory bulb activity data in literature.

Implications

While humans have equivalent odorant delivery between routes, the difference in retro and orthonasal routes in rodents is substantial and changes to the transverse lamina above the nasopharynx can substantially modulate the retronasal route, but not enough to bridge the gap between the two routes.

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来源期刊
Chemosensory Perception
Chemosensory Perception 农林科学-神经科学
CiteScore
2.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
8
审稿时长
>36 weeks
期刊介绍: Coverage in Chemosensory Perception includes animal work with implications for human phenomena and explores the following areas: Identification of chemicals producing sensory response; Identification of sensory response associated with chemicals; Human in vivo response to chemical stimuli; Human in vitro response to chemical stimuli; Neuroimaging of chemosensory function; Neurological processing of chemoreception; Chemoreception mechanisms; Psychophysics of chemoperception; Trigeminal function; Multisensory perception; Contextual effect on chemoperception; Behavioral response to chemical stimuli; Physiological factors affecting and contributing to chemoperception; Flavor and hedonics; Memory and chemoperception.
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