美属萨摩亚塔基年轻火山土的土壤养分分布与古代农业

IF 2.9 Q2 SOIL SCIENCE
Dolly Autufuga, Seth Quintus, K. Yoo, Stephanie S. Day, J. Huebert, J. Deenik, N. Lincoln
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引用次数: 1

摘要

土壤和农业在过去和今天都有着密不可分的联系。太平洋岛屿通常代表基质年龄和降雨量等基本土壤形成因素的有组织梯度,是了解人与土壤之间相互作用的优秀研究系统。一些地区的土壤特征和当地农业实践之间的关系有很好的记录,但该地区大部分地区的数据很少。鉴于已经记录的生态适应程度,特别是夏威夷的生态适应,预计新的太平洋数据集将为当地农业实践提供重要见解。为了促进这一讨论,我们分析了美属萨摩亚马努阿群岛的土壤化学和植被模式。沿着穿过塔岛菲蒂乌塔高地接触前定居区的样带对土壤进行采样,该地区的年降雨量为3800毫米。对土壤的几种土壤肥力特性进行了分析,这些特性被认为是夏威夷和拉帕努伊密集型雨养块茎生产的预测因子。对残留的经济植物进行了调查,以评估过去的土地利用模式。尽管降雨量很大,但土壤的pH值、基底饱和度、可交换钙、总磷和可交换磷的土壤肥力值适中。以前确定的土壤肥力指标在一定程度上适用于传统农业的分布,但它们在重要方面也有所不同。特别是,土壤中可交换钙含量低可能限制了农业形式,尤其是块茎的种植。记录了土壤参数和剩余经济作物的显著变化,对齐表明种植系统对土壤生物化学的适应。考古样本与遗迹植被调查相结合表明,农林和树木栽培是过去农业实践的关键组成部分。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Distribution of Soil Nutrients and Ancient Agriculture on Young Volcanic Soils of Ta‘ū, American Samoa
Soils and agriculture are inextricably linked, in the past as well as today. The Pacific islands, which often represent organized gradients of the essential soil-forming factors of substrate age and rainfall, represent excellent study systems to understand interactions between people and soils. The relationship between soil characteristics and indigenous agricultural practices are well documented for some locations, but there is a paucity of data for much of the region. Given the extent of ecological adaptation that has been documented, specifically for Hawai‘i, new Pacific datasets are expected to provide important insights into indigenous agricultural practices. To contribute to this discussion, we analyzed patterns in soil chemistry and vegetation in the Manu‘a islands of American Samoa. Soils were sampled along transects that crossed through precontact settlement zones in the upland of Fiti‘uta on Ta‘ū island, a location characterized by young (<100 ky) volcanic substrates and very high (>3800 mm y−1) annual rainfall. Soils were analyzed for several soil fertility properties that have been proposed as predictors of intensive rainfed tuber production in Hawai‘i and Rapa Nui. Surveys of remnant economic plants were conducted to assess patterns of past land use. Soils demonstrated moderate values of soil fertility as measured by pH, base saturation, exchangeable calcium, and total and exchangeable phosphorus, despite the high rainfall. Previously identified soil fertility indicators had some application to the distribution of traditional agriculture, but they also differed in important ways. In particular, low exchangeable calcium in the soils may have limited the agricultural form, especially the cultivation of tubers. Significant shifts in both soil parameters and remnant economic crops were documented, and alignment suggests cropping system adaptation to soil biochemistry. Archaeological samples combined with surveys of relict vegetation suggest that agroforestry and arboriculture were key components of past agricultural practices.
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来源期刊
Soil Systems
Soil Systems Earth and Planetary Sciences-Earth-Surface Processes
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
5.70%
发文量
80
审稿时长
11 weeks
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