Experimental evaluation of the thermal effect on dynamic behavior of travertine rock

When an engineering structure regarding a rock is affected by dynamic loads (due to the occurrence of natural hazards, such as earthquakes and landslides, or man-made hazards, such as explosions or impacts), correct prediction of changes in the strength behavior and deformability of the rock relative to its static state is necessary for reducing the damages and costs. On the other hand, rocks are always influenced by environmental conditions, such as temperature changes due to fire and weather during their lifetime, which should be considered when using them. In these cases, the mechanical behavior of the rock can usually be determined under different loading and environmental conditions using stress–strain curves. This study investigates rocks’ dynamic strength and deformability behavior at different loading rates and temperatures. For this purpose, 30 travertine rock samples from the Torshab mine, located in the Markazi province of Iran, were first heated up to 100°C, 200°C, 400°C, 800°C, and 1000°C (six temperatures), and then subjected under the impact pressure with different loading rates from (five) 11 m/s to 15 m/s using the split Hopkinson pressure bar test. Comparing the obtained dynamic stress–strain curve shows that at a constant loading rate, increasing the temperature, especially at higher temperatures, reduces the dynamic strength and increases the rock’s deformability. Moreover, in all cases, at a constant temperature, increasing the loading rate, especially at higher rates, increases the rock’s dynamic strength and deformability.