在松树和云杉容器化育苗时应用化学防治方法抑制苔草和其他苔藓

IF 0.7 4区农林科学 Q3 FORESTRY

Baltic Forestry Pub Date : 2021-03-09 DOI:10.46490/BF288

A. Egorov, A. Bubnov, L. Pavluchenkova, A. Partolina, A. Postnikov

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引用次数: 2

摘要

苔藓植物(苔类和绿色苔藓)在容器和盒式容器的基质表面上的传播是种植容器针叶树幼苗的一个重要问题。它需要一个复杂的控制程序，以显着减少苔藓，特别是多形marchhantia L.对集装箱松树和云杉幼苗生长的负面影响。除了预防和农业技术措施外，该方案还应涉及生理活性物质的应用。北美和欧洲的苗圃长期以来一直面临这个问题，俄罗斯的苗圃直到最近几年才开始遇到这个问题，这是由于温室中种植的集装箱松树和云杉幼苗的产量增加。本文评价了几种除草剂的防苔效果及其对不同树龄松树和云杉幼苗的选择性。在试验中使用了以下化学品:Goal 24% EC (a.i. oxyfluorfen)， Stomp 33% EC (a.i. pendimethalin)， Velpar 90% SP (a.i. hexazinone)， Pledge 25% WP (a.i.氟恶嗪)，Mogeton 25% WP (a.i.喹诺胺)，Granstar 75% WDG (a.i.三苯脲甲基)，Anchor-85 75% WDG (a.i.磺脲甲基)以及肉桂油和小苏打。试验分别在温室和室外大田进行。结果发现，在苗期前(松树和云杉幼苗出现之前)在温室中施用Mogeton WP和小苏打，在处理后长达20周的时间内有效抑制了绿色苔藓，幼苗没有任何伤害迹象。在相同条件下，Goal EC、Stomp EC、Pledge WP及其不同组合的混合物，以及Velpar SP对松树和云杉幼苗的伤害均显著。灾后用Velpar SP、Pledge WP、Mogeton WP、Granstar WDG、Anchor-85 WDG以及肉桂油和小苏打进行处理，在不损害幼苗的情况下，对苔类和苔类有长期有效的防治效果。关键词:多形地药;松木;云杉

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The Applying chemical control to suppress liverwort (Marсhantia polymorpha L.) and other mosses when growing containerized seedlings of pine and spruce

The spread of bryophytes (liverworts and green mosses) on the substrate surface in containers and cassettes poses a significant problem when growing containerized coniferous seedlings. It requires a complex control programme to significantly minimize the negative effect which mosses, in particular Marсhantia polymorpha L., pose to the growth of containerized pine and spruce seedlings. In addition to the preventive and agrotechnical measures, this programme should also involve application of the physiologically active substances. North American and European nurseries have faced this problem for a long time, Russian nurseries have started to experience it only in recent years due to increased output of containerized pine and spruce seedlings grown in greenhouses. In this paper, we assessed the effectiveness of some herbicides for moss control and their selectivity to pine and spruce seedlings of different ages. The following chemicals were applied in the tests: Goal 24% EC (a.i. oxyfluorfen), Stomp 33% EC (a.i. pendimethalin), Velpar 90% SP (a.i. hexazinone), Pledge 25% WP (a.i. flumioxazin), Mogeton 25% WP (a.i. quinoclamine), Granstar 75% WDG (a.i. tribenuron-methyl), Anchor-85 75% WDG (a.i. sulfometuron methyl) as well as cinnamon oil and baking soda. The experiments were conducted in greenhouses and outdoor fields. It was found that the pre-emergent (before the pine and spruce shoots appear) application of Mogeton WP and baking soda in the greenhouse resulted in the effective suppression of green mosses for up to 20 weeks after the treatment, without any signs of injury in seedlings. Under the same conditions, Goal EC, Stomp EC, Pledge WP and their mixtures in different combinations, as well as Velpar SP caused significant damage to pine and spruce seedlings. The post-emergent treatment by Velpar SP, Pledge WP, Mogeton WP, Granstar WDG, Anchor-85 WDG, as well as cinnamon oil and baking soda, provided effective and long-term control of liverwort and green mosses in cassettes without damage to the seedlings. Key words: Marchantia polymorpha L., pine, spruce, efficacy, selectivity

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来源期刊

Baltic Forestry 农林科学-林学

CiteScore

1.60

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： The journal welcomes the original articles as well as short reports, review papers on forestry and forest science throughout the Baltic Sea region and elsewhere in the area of boreal and temperate forests. The Baltic Sea region is rather unique through its intrinsic environment and distinguished geographical and social conditions. A temperate climate, transitional and continental, has influenced formation of the mixed coniferous and deciduous stands of high productivity and biological diversity. The forest science has been affected by the ideas from both the East and West. In 1995, Forest Research Institutes and Universities from Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania joined their efforts to publish BALTIC FORESTRY.