Parrot的俄罗斯大学员工轮换计划、Sergey Uvarov的改革及其短期和长期后果

Q1 Arts and Humanities
T. V. Kostina
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文着重论述了格奥尔格·弗里德里希·帕罗对俄罗斯国内大学教授队伍更新的看法,反映在他的笔记《内俄罗斯大学思想》(Mémoire sur les Universités de l’intérieur de la Russie,1827)和《关于在国立俄罗斯大学培训教师计划的笔记》(Mèmoire concent le plan pour前教授计划aux Universités russes nationales,1832年底)中。Parrot的立场是激进的。他建议政府培养年轻的科学家和教师,更换内俄大学的所有教授,这本应导致建立“新的教学精神”,并将大学转变为国立大学。Parrot的项目只是部分实施,但这一政策的实施导致了俄罗斯教授年龄结构的剧烈变化。到19世纪30年代中期,在多尔帕特教授学院和国王陛下自己的总理府第二部门接受培训的所有教授和副官代表了大约一代人。二三十年后,当这一代人退休时,一场新的危机出现了。即使在19世纪80年代,大学也继续经历着19世纪30年代改革的影响。与此同时,Parrot项目的实际实施导致了19世纪40年代俄罗斯内部大学的繁荣。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Parrot’s Projects of Rotating the Staff of Russian Universities, Sergey Uvarov’s Reform and Its Short- and Long-Term Consequences
The present paper focuses on the views of Georg Friedrich Parrot in relation to the renewal of the professorial staff of the internal russian universities, reflected in his notes ‘Thoughts of universities in inner russia’ (Mémoire sur les Universités de l’intérieur de la Russie, 1827) and ‘Note on the plan to train teachers at national russian universities’ (Mèmoire concernant le plan pour former des professeurs aux universités russes nationales, end of 1832). Parrot’s position was radical. He advised the government to prepare young scientists and teachers and replace all professors in inner russian universities, which should have led to the establishment of a ‘new spirit of teaching’ and the transformation of universities into national ones. The Parrot’s project was implemented only partially, but implementation of this policy led to drastic changes in the age structure of the russian professors. All the professors and adjuncts, trained at the Professors’ institute in Dorpat and the second section of His imperial Majesty’s Own chancellery by mid-1830s represented approximately one generation. twenty to thirty years later, by the time when this generation reached retirement, a new crisis arose. Even in the 1880s universities continued to experience the effects of the reform of the 1830s. At the same time, the practical implementation of Parrot’s project led to the flourishing of inner universities in russia in the 1840s.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
10
审稿时长
30 weeks
期刊介绍: Acta Baltica Historiae et Philosophiae Scientiarum sees its mission in offering publishing opportunities for Baltic and non-Baltic scholars in the field of the history and philosophy of natural and social sciences (including legal studies) to promote and further international cooperation between scholars of different countries in this field.
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