Homeric Greek中Optive和“Modal”指示词的区别:四个案例研究——第2部分:指示词和εἰ Μή-条款

Q3 Arts and Humanities
Filip de Decker
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在史诗希腊语中,选择语和指示语(所谓的“语气指示语”)都可以在实现程度不确定甚至不可能的情况下使用,而在阿提克希腊语中只使用指示语。在这两篇文章中,我讨论了在这些上下文中,选择词和语气指示词之间是否存在差异,以及/或者是否可以确定哪一个是最初的语气。由于荷马中大约有1500个选择词和250个语气指示词,因此不可能全部讨论它们,因此,我将重点放在γιγΓσκω、βάλλω和ἴε引入后命题条件子句的奥德赛中的条件结构ἰμή用“语气词”表示或选择。语料库包括100种形式(80个选择词和20个指示词),但在每个例子中,我也提到了段落中的其他语气指示词和选择词,这为语料库增加了另外50种形式。在这部分(第2部分)中,我讨论了模态指示词,并讨论了ε引入的后置条件从句ἰμή在奥德赛中,既有指示性的,也有选择性的。随后,我分析了几个例子,在这些例子中,解释取决于听话人和说话人的观点,因为对说话人来说可能的东西对听话人来说可能是不可能的,反之亦然。当比较与选择从句和指示从句有关的数据时,尤其是ε引入的后置条件从句的数据ἰμή, 可以注意到,指示语更频繁地有一个完全过去的引用,它往往比选择语更真实不真实,后者通常结合了可能、遥远可能和不真实的概念。在我看来,这清楚地表明,由于过去的提及,指示性最终占了上风,并取代了选择性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Difference Between the Optative and the “Modal” Indicative in Homeric Greek: Four Case Studies – Part 2: The Indicative and the εἰ Μή-Clauses
In epic Greek both the optative and the indicative (the so-called “modal indicative”) can be used in contexts where the degree of realization is uncertain or even impossible, while in Attic Greek only the indicative is used. In these two articles I discuss whether there is a difference between the optative and the modal indicative in these contexts and/or if it can be determined which was the original mood. As there are about 1500 optatives and 250 modal indicatives in Homer, it is not possible to discuss them all and, therefore, I focus on the passages in which aorist forms of γιγνώσκω, βάλλωand of ἴδονappear, and those conditional constructions in the Odyssey in which the postposed conditional clause is introduced by εἰμήwith either a “modal” indicative or optative. The corpus comprises 100 forms (80 optatives and 20 indicatives), but in each example I also address the other modal indicatives and optatives in the passages, which adds another 50 forms to the corpus. In this part (part 2) I address the modal indicatives, and discuss the postposed conditional clauses introduced by εἰμήin the Odyssey, both in the indicative and the optative. Subsequently I analyze several instances in which the interpretation depends on the viewpoint of the hearer and the speakers, as what is pos­sible for a speaker might be impossible for the hearer and vice versa. When comparing the data relating to the optative and the indicative, and especially that of the postposed conditional clauses introduced by εἰμή, it can be noted that the indicative has more frequently an exclusively past reference and that it is more often genuinely unreal than the optative, which often combines the notion of the possible, remotely possible and unreal. In my opinion this clearly indicates that the indicative eventually prevailed and replaced the optative because of the past reference.
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来源期刊
Studia Linguistica Universitatis Iagellonicae Cracoviensis
Studia Linguistica Universitatis Iagellonicae Cracoviensis Arts and Humanities-Language and Linguistics
CiteScore
0.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
13
期刊介绍: SLing publishes original research papers in all linguistic disciplines. The primary objective of our journal is to offer an opportunity to publish academic papers and reviews to the scholars employed by the Faculty of Philology of the Jagiellonian University in Kraków, however, academics from all over the world are kindly invited to publish in our periodical as well. We accept papers both theoretically- and descriptively-oriented.
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