The Potential Prognostic Performance of Neutrophil CD64 and Monocyte HLA-DR in Patients with Complicated Intra-abdominal Infections

Complicated intra-abdominal infections are still associated with a high risk of an unfavorable outcome. Despite the equal treatment, the mortality rates in some patients’ populations remain significant, especially when the impaired immune response is present. The object of this research is to analyze the impact of pro-inflammatory neutrophil CD64 and anti-inflammatory monocyte HLA-DR on the final outcome. We have searched in the PubMed database, the literature relating the prognostic value of two biomarkers - nCD64 and mHLA-DR in patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections and/or sepsis. Eighteen original studies with 2960 patients fulfilled our inclusion criteria. The data about nCD64 that we found was contradictory, whereas low mHLA-DR expression showed good prognostic value. Our review showed heterogeneous data about nCD64 survival prediction. Further investigations with surgical patients exclusively are needed to evaluate its prognostic value in cIAIs. However, we observed a good prognostic performance of low mHLA-DR expression. After a validation in larger multicentre studies, mHLA-DR could be used as promising prognostic biomarker in cIAIs.