八爪章鱼(伯克)来自波兰东北部的一种外来的臭角真菌(Phallaceae)

IF 0.7 4区农林科学 Q3 FORESTRY

Baltic Forestry Pub Date : 2021-07-30 DOI:10.46490/bf574

J. Piętka, Damian Byk, A. Byk

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引用次数: 0

摘要

一种外来真菌的分布，章鱼的臭角，在波兰东北部进行了研究。据报道，该物种最接近的早期已知地点位于新发现的地点以北，靠近波兰的Dymnica村(Lębork县)和立陶宛的Kartena镇附近。2019-2020年5月至11月进行了实地研究，并对博物学家和林业工作者提供的信息进行了验证，以绘制该物种的分布图，并引起人们对森林中外来真菌物种出现问题的关注。在发现担子瘤数量最多的地区，从2020年10月12日至11月2日，每天测量担子瘤的高度和宽度:卵期幼体的高度和宽度，成熟体的高度和最长臂的长度。此外，还统计了单个担子瘤的枝数。我们记录了7个地点，其中5个位于森林中，2个位于其他栖息地。共发现该种担子瘤63个。在森林外的地方，木屑和树皮覆盖的土壤和木材储存的地方，出现了木栗的担子瘤。其余5个地点均位于阔叶林中，针叶林物种占比较小。在波兰东北部肥沃的阔叶林中，当湿度适宜时，弓形虫似乎找到了有利的生存条件。有时从森林地区(如木材)移到开阔和城市化地区。考虑到观测到的气候变化，我们可以预期弓形虫将进一步扩散到波兰东北部，并在波罗的海地区增加其分布地点的数量。这一物种的孢子传播不仅受到人类的促进，也受到昆虫的促进。木霉对有木生境无负面影响。关键词:阳物科，箭笼鱼，臭角章鱼，外来物种，生态，分布，森林，波兰

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Octopus stinkhorn Clathrus archeri (Berk.) Dring, an alien stinkhorn fungus (Phallaceae), in north-eastern Poland

Distribution of an alien fungus, octopus stinkhorn Clathrus archeri, has been studied in north-eastern Poland. The closest earlier known localities of this species, situated north of the new ones, were reported near the village of Dymnica (Lębork County) in Poland and near the town of Kartena in Lithuania. Field research was conducted in May–November in 2019-2020 and information from naturalists and foresters was verified, to map this species and draw attention to the problem of appearance of alien fungal species in forests. In the locality where the largest number of basidiomata was found, they were measured every day from 12 October till 2 November 2020: height and width of young ones at the egg phase, height of mature ones, and length of their longest arms. Additionally, arms of individual basidiomata were counted. We have documented 7 localities of C. archeri, including 5 situated in forests and 2 in other habitats. In total, we found 63 basidiomata of this species. In the localities outside forests, basidiomata of C. archeri appeared in places where timber was stored and the soil was covered with sawdust and pieces of bark. The other 5 localities were situated in broadleaved forests with a small proportion of coniferous species. It seems that C. archeri, when moisture level is suitable, finds favourable living conditions in fertile broadleaved forests of north-eastern Poland. It is sometimes re-moved from forest areas (e.g. with wood) to open and urbanized areas. Considering the observed climate change, we can expect a further spread of C. archeri to the north-eastern of Poland and an increase in the number of its localities in the Baltic Sea region. Spore dispersal of this species is facilitated not only by humans but also by insects. No negative impact of C. archeri on wooded habitats was noticed. Key words: Phallaceae, Clathrus archeri, octopus stinkhorn, alien species, ecology, distribution, forest, Poland

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来源期刊

Baltic Forestry 农林科学-林学

CiteScore

1.60

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： The journal welcomes the original articles as well as short reports, review papers on forestry and forest science throughout the Baltic Sea region and elsewhere in the area of boreal and temperate forests. The Baltic Sea region is rather unique through its intrinsic environment and distinguished geographical and social conditions. A temperate climate, transitional and continental, has influenced formation of the mixed coniferous and deciduous stands of high productivity and biological diversity. The forest science has been affected by the ideas from both the East and West. In 1995, Forest Research Institutes and Universities from Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania joined their efforts to publish BALTIC FORESTRY.