特许经营者对美国国家公园及其周边地区可持续性的影响:以大提顿国家公园特许经营者为例

IF 0.7 Q4 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM
N. Q. Lackey, K. Bricker
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引用次数: 0

摘要

特许经营机构通过提供游客服务,在公园和保护区的管理中发挥着重要作用。从历史上看,特许权商因其对环境可持续性的负面影响而受到批评。然而,由于政策变化、技术进步和市场需求的变化,有必要重新评估特许经营者在公园和保护区及其周围的可持续目的地管理中的作用。本定性案例研究以大提顿国家公园(GTNP)为研究对象,以社会交换理论为指导,从国家公园管理局(NPS)员工、特许经营者和当地社区成员的角度,探讨美国国家公园特许经营者对目的地层面可持续发展的影响。可持续发展是一个综合社会经济、文化和环境维度的多方面的整体结构。23名参与者完成了半结构化访谈。研究人员确定了四个主题类别来描述让步者对可持续性的影响;推行可持续发展倡议的动机和障碍;以及促进特许经营者可持续发展行动的情境因素。虽然与会者对特许经营机构及其运营对环境的负面影响发表了评论,但这些数据表明,特许经营机构正在单独和协作地促进GTNP及其周围的环境、社会经济和文化可持续性。一些特许经营者甚至被描述为领导者,测试和推动创新的可持续发展政策和实践的发展。这些行动的动机部分是出于合同义务和利润产生。然而,让步者也有强大的无形激励因素,如内在价值和强烈的社区意识,推动他们对可持续发展作出积极贡献。基于这些数据,我们建议那些参与未来与让步者的理论和实践工作的人在试图促进更高水平的可持续性成就和合作时,认识到有形和无形激励因素的重要性。随着土地管理机构继续采用超越传统的“公园即岛屿”管理方法的战略,这一点将变得越来越重要。此外,未来的工作应更具体地探讨政策、可持续性概念和私营企业赞助在促进让步方对可持续性的贡献方面的作用,特别是在合作环境中。这项工作需要了解这些观察是否以及如何推广到其他情况。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Impact of Concessioners on Sustainability in and around U.S. National Parks: A Case Study of Grand Teton National Park Concessioners
Concessioners play an important role in park and protected area management by providing visitor services. Historically, concessioners were criticized for their negative impacts on environmental sustainability. However, due to policy changes, technological advances, and shifting market demands, there is a need to reevaluate the role of concessioners in sustainable destination management in and around parks and protected areas. The purpose of this qualitative case study situated in Grand Teton National Park (GTNP), which was guided by social exchange theory, was to explore U.S. national park concessioners’ influence on sustainable development at the destination level from the perspective of National Park Service (NPS) staff, concessioners, and local community members. Sustainability was examined holistically as a multifaceted construct with integrated socioeconomic, cultural, and environmental dimensions. Twenty-three participants completed semistructured interviews. Researchers identified four thematic categories describing concessioners’ influence on sustainability; motivations and barriers to pursuing sustainability initiatives; and situational factors that facilitated concessioners’ sustainability actions. While participants commented on the negative environmental impacts of concessioners and their operations, these data suggest that concessioners were working individually and collaboratively to promote environmental, socioeconomic, and cultural sustainability in and around GTNP. Some concessioners were even described as leaders, testing and driving the development of innovative sustainability policies and practices. These actions were motivated, in part, by contractual obligations and profit generation. However, concessioners also had strong intangible motivators, such as intrinsic values and a strong sense of community, that drove their positive contributions to sustainability. Based on these data, we recommend that those involved in future theoretical and practical work with concessioners acknowledge the importance of both tangible and intangible motivators when attempting to promote higher levels of sustainability achievement and collaboration. This will become increasingly important as land management agencies continue to embrace strategies beyond the traditional “parks as islands” approach to management. Additionally, future work should explore more specifically the role of policy, conceptualizations of sustainability, and private industry sponsorship in promoting concessioners’ contributions to sustainability, especially in collaborative settings. This work is needed to understand if and how these observations generalize to other contexts.
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来源期刊
Journal of Park and Recreation Administration
Journal of Park and Recreation Administration HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM-
CiteScore
1.90
自引率
23.10%
发文量
40
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