Flow Injection Analysis-Based Electrochemiluminescence: An Overview of Experimental Design and Its Biosensing Applications

Over the past few decades, electrochemiluminescence (ECL) has been used as a powerful analytical tool for in vitro diagnosis due to its promising potential in light-emitting and, which has greatly promoted recent for biosensor studies. Plenty of research articles on the ECL technique have been published by various researchers around the globe. On the other hand, studies on the coupling of ECL sensing strategies with other techniques are recently getting widespread attention. ECL strategies have been effectively coupled with scanning electrochemical microscope (SECM), flow injection analysis (FIA), and capillary electrophoresis. These coupled techniques have been effectively employed for various health care applications. Among these techniques, FIA coupled ECL sensing strategies have been designated as the most emerging technique, especially sensing of clinical samples. This critical review discusses the vibrant developments in FIA-ECL, the mechanism of ECL, the design of FIA-ECL, and highlights the application of FIA-ECL for the detection of immunoassays, catecholamines, antioxidant compounds, choline, tetracyclines, and pharmaceutical drugs. The current review will pave the way for the design and development of FIA-ECL for efficient point-of-care applications.