社会心理学作为一个稳定的解释框架,无可辩驳地致力于人与社会的科学研究

IF 1.4 3区 心理学 Q4 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL
Collin D. Barnes
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引用次数: 0

摘要

尽管一再有机会重新考虑他们的自然科学抱负,但社会心理学家并没有这样做,而且没有明显的变化迹象。为什么?本文以波兰尼的思想为蓝本,通过对场域的界定来寻求这个问题的答案。根据波兰尼的观点,解释性框架从我们与世界的原始身体接触发展而来,然后被语言塑造成我们文化的庞大概念系统。关于建立在我们最基本的信念(如科学)之上的框架,他说我们“生活在(它们中),就像生活在我们自己的皮肤里一样。”像这样的框架不是批判性评价的对象,而是承诺的对象,社会心理学作为积极哲学的产物,在这个意义上是一个解释性框架。专业人士最近对该领域的政治构成和复制失败的反应证明了这一点。他们的主要目的是保持对社会心理学的自然科学理解,并指出波兰尼在民间宗教实践中发现的信仰稳定机制的影响。这些机制也在整个心理学中发挥作用。例如,在20世纪下半叶,该领域对西格蒙德·科赫(Sigmund Koch)对其科学自我概念的权威判断的抵制中,就隐含着这些观点。注意到这一点揭示了本文对社会心理学定义的更广泛的含义,但它也敦促人们对真理和相对性提出不可忽视的问题。这些问题在最后得到了简要的阐述,并提出心理学最需要的是人心的改变,而这将会发生,如果要发生的话,主要不是通过论证和证据,而是通过那些真正相信另一种框架的真实性的人。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Social psychology as a stable interpretative framework irrefutably committed to the scientific study of persons and society

Despite repeated opportunities to reconsider their natural science ambitions, social psychologists have not done so, and there are no obvious signs of this changing. Why? This paper pursues an answer to this question by defining the field after the fashion of Michael Polanyi's thought. According to Polanyi, interpretative frameworks develop from our primitive bodily encounters with the world and then are shaped by language into the vast conceptual systems of our culture. Concerning frameworks erected on our most fundamental beliefs (e.g., science), he says that we “live in [them] as in the garment of our own skin.” Frameworks such as this are not objects of critical evaluation but of commitment, and social psychology, as an outgrowth of positive philosophy, is an interpretative framework in this sense. Professionals' recent responses to the field's political makeup and replication failures demonstrate this. They aim primarily at preserving a natural science understanding of social psychology and point to the influence of belief-stabilizing mechanisms Polanyi finds operative in folk religious practices. These mechanisms appear at work also in psychology as a whole. They are implied, for instance, in the field's resistance to Sigmund Koch's authoritative judgement against its scientific self-conception in the latter half of the 20th century. Noting this reveals the broader implications of this paper's definition of social psychology, but it also urges questions about truth and relativity that cannot be ignored. These questions are addressed briefly in the end where it is suggested that what psychology needs most of all is a change of heart, and that this will happen, if at all, not primarily through argument and evidence, but through persons who authentically believe in the veracity of a different framework.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
14.30%
发文量
36
期刊介绍: The Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour publishes original theoretical and methodological articles that examine the links between social structures and human agency embedded in behavioural practices. The Journal is truly unique in focusing first and foremost on social behaviour, over and above any disciplinary or local framing of such behaviour. In so doing, it embraces a range of theoretical orientations and, by requiring authors to write for a wide audience, the Journal is distinctively interdisciplinary and accessible to readers world-wide in the fields of psychology, sociology and philosophy.
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