书评

Pub Date : 2021-11-25 DOI:10.1515/phras-2021-0016

I. Wallerstein

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引用次数: 0

摘要

这两本书的重要之处在于，它们代表了两位受人尊敬的学者的共同努力，他们致力于解决一个世界性的现象，并对非洲的经济发展产生了严重影响。对于任何对资本主义作为一种社会经济体系的发展感兴趣的人来说，这两本书提供了一个值得推荐的有趣的顺序。沃勒斯坦所说的历史资本主义是“具体的、有时间限制的、有空间限制的生产活动的综合轨迹，在这个轨迹中，无休止的积累一直是经济目标或‘规律’，它支配或主导着基本的经济活动”(第18页)和社会生活的所有其他方面。这一体系的根本基础是社会上一切的商品化，尤其是劳动的商品化。这在历史上允许资本主义发展出一种迄今为止还不存在的积累体系，即让劳动产生剩余价值，然后再投资于进一步的积累。在一个全面但可信的概括中，沃勒斯坦断言:

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Book reviews

The significance of these two books—each drawn from a set of lectures—is that they represent a concerted effort by two respected academicians to grapple with a phenomenon that is world-wide in scope and has had serious consequences for Africa's economic development. For anyone interested in the development of capitalism as a socio-economic system, these two books provide a recommended and interesting sequence. What Wallerstein calls historical capitalism is "that concrete, time-bounded, space-bounded integrated locus of production activities within which the endless accumulation has been the economic objective or 'law' that has governed or prevailed in fundamental economic activity" (p. 18) and all other aspects of social life. The fundamental basis of this system is the commodification of everything in society, but especially labor. This historically allowed capitalism to evolve a system of accumulation which hithertofore had not existed, i.e., to get labor to produce surplus value which then would be reinvested for further accumulation. In a sweeping but credible generalization, Wallerstein asserts that:

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