Optimal pore shape in a low-Pt PEM fuel cell cathode catalyst layer

A model for performance of an axially symmetric pore with the curved generatrix is developed. Oxygen transport along the pore axis and in the radial direction through a thin ionomer film separating the pore volume from the Pt/C surface is taken into account. A performance functional is formulated, and the Euler–Lagrange equation is solved numerically for an optimal pore shape. This shape is close to a cubic paraboloid converging toward the membrane. Polarization curves show superior performance of the optimal pore over the cylindrical pore of the same active (side) surface area. The results suggest the shape of optimal ionomer loading for low-Pt electrodes.