一级大学运动员的运动经历及其对专业化重要性的认识

IF 1.8 4区教育学 Q2 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

High Ability Studies Pub Date : 2017-02-21 DOI:10.1080/13598139.2017.1292894

E. Martin, M. Ewing, E. Oregon

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引用次数: 19

摘要

摘要本研究的目的是调查一级运动员先前的体育参与情况和运动员对体育专业化的看法。运动员（N=1041）完成了自我报告调查，并表明他们在九岁左右开始参与大学体育运动（M=9.10，SD=3.83）。运动员在小学和中学参加了大量体育运动，高中期间参与率下降。对于那些专门从事一项运动的运动员来说，专业化通常发生在12.5岁。此外，运动员过去的运动背景和对专业化的看法因其大学体育项目而异，有些项目（如体操）比其他项目（如足球、越野和田径）更早开始参与和专业化。有趣的是，过去的运动经历或对专业化的看法并不存在差异，这取决于奖学金状态或预期的比赛状态。这项研究支持了先前的研究，即早期专业化不是精英水平表现的要求。

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Sport experiences of Division I collegiate athletes and their perceptions of the importance of specialization

Abstract The purpose of the current study was to investigate Division I athletes’ prior sport participation and athletes’ perceptions regarding sport specialization. Athletes (N = 1041) completed self-report surveys and indicated that participation in their collegiate sport began around nine years of age (M = 9.10, SD = 3.83). Athletes played a large number of sports in elementary and middle school with participation decreasing during high school. For those athletes who specialized in one sport, specialization occurred typically at 12.5 years of age. In addition, athletes past sport background and perceptions of specialization differed depending on their college sport with some sports (i.e., gymnastics) starting participation and specializing earlier than others (i.e., football, cross country, and track and field). Interestingly, no differences existed in past sport experiences or perceptions of specialization dependent on scholarship status or expected playing status. This study supports prior research that early specialization is not a requirement for elite level performance.

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来源期刊

High Ability Studies Multiple-

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

11.10%

发文量

期刊介绍： High Ability Studies provides a forum for scholars in a variety of disciplines associated with the development of human abilities to their highest level. It is a medium for the promotion of high ability, whether through the communication of scientific research, theory, or the exchange of practical experience and ideas. The contents of this journal are unique in reflecting concerns and recent developments in this area from childhood and across the whole life span in a variety of contexts. Far from being restricted to the traditional focus on high-level cognitive development, it also presents investigations into all other areas of human endeavour, including sport, technology, the arts, business, management and social relations.