美国燃煤电厂空气污染的综合分析

IF 8.5 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Mikalai Filonchyk , Michael P. Peterson
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引用次数: 8

摘要

美国是世界上电力生产的领导者之一,2021年发电量约为4260亿千瓦时,其中煤炭占总量的21.8%。本研究采用综合方法,利用地面和卫星数据具体检查燃煤电厂的排放及其空间范围。该研究还强调了政府减排政策的有效性。研究发现,美国能源部门的污染物排放量一直在稳步下降,1990年至2020年期间,美国电力部门的二氧化硫(SO2)和氮氧化物(NOx)的年排放量分别下降了93.4%和84.8%,2007年至2020年期间,二氧化碳(CO2)的年排放量下降了37%。尽管燃煤电厂的总排放量正在下降,但一些电厂还没有安装环保设备来控制排放。根据美国政府的数据,美国二氧化硫、氮氧化物和二氧化碳的主要排放者是东德克萨斯州的马丁湖发电厂、密苏里州圣路易斯附近的拉巴迪发电厂和阿拉巴马州伯明翰附近的詹姆斯H米勒小工厂。这项研究还整合了TROPOMI卫星数据,以检测各个发电厂的点排放。虽然所测污染物的最高水平是在该国的主要城市和化石燃料开采地区,但TROPOMI可以清楚地区分出更多农村地区的发电厂造成的污染。尽管美国在减少燃煤电厂的排放方面取得了很大进展,但这些电厂仍然是一个主要的污染源,仍然是一个主要的问题。由于向电动汽车过渡所带来的更高的电力需求,完全消除煤炭作为电力来源将是困难的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

An integrated analysis of air pollution from US coal-fired power plants

An integrated analysis of air pollution from US coal-fired power plants

The United States is one of the world's leaders in electricity production, generating about 4116 billion kWh in 2021, of which coal accounted for 21.8% of the total. This study applies an integrated approach using both terrestrial and satellite data to specifically examine emissions from coal-fired power plants and its spatial extent. The study also highlights the effectiveness of government policies to reduce emissions. It was found that emission of pollutants from the country's energy sector has been steadily declining, with annual emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) decreasing from the US electric power sector between 1990 and 2020 by 93.4% and 84.8%, respectively, and carbon dioxide (CO2) by 37% between 2007 and 2020. Although overall emissions from coal-fired power plants are declining, some individual plants have yet to install environmental equipment to control emissions. According to US government data, major emitters of SO2, NOx, and CO2 in the US are the Martin Lake power plant in East Texas, the Labadie power plant near St. Louis, Missouri, and the James H Miller Jr plant near Birmingham, Alabama. This study also integrates TROPOMI satellite data to detect point emissions from individual power plants. While the highest levels of measured pollutants were over the country's major cities and areas of fossil fuel extraction, TROPOMI could clearly distinguish the pollution caused by power plants in more rural areas. Although the US has made great strides in reducing emissions from coal-fired power plants, these plants still represent a major source of pollution and remain a major concern. Totally eliminating coal as a power source will be difficult with the higher power demands resulting from the transition to electric automobiles.

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来源期刊
Geoscience frontiers
Geoscience frontiers Earth and Planetary Sciences-General Earth and Planetary Sciences
CiteScore
17.80
自引率
3.40%
发文量
147
审稿时长
35 days
期刊介绍: Geoscience Frontiers (GSF) is the Journal of China University of Geosciences (Beijing) and Peking University. It publishes peer-reviewed research articles and reviews in interdisciplinary fields of Earth and Planetary Sciences. GSF covers various research areas including petrology and geochemistry, lithospheric architecture and mantle dynamics, global tectonics, economic geology and fuel exploration, geophysics, stratigraphy and paleontology, environmental and engineering geology, astrogeology, and the nexus of resources-energy-emissions-climate under Sustainable Development Goals. The journal aims to bridge innovative, provocative, and challenging concepts and models in these fields, providing insights on correlations and evolution.
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