协调部门气候政策和生命周期排放

IF 2.6 3区 经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS
Quentin Hoarau , Guy Meunier
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引用次数: 0

摘要

大幅减少温室气体排放涉及经济各个部门的许多具体行动。由于部门联系,这些措施的成本和减排潜力是相互依存的。例如,电动汽车的碳足迹取决于电力结构。这一问题在生命周期评估(LCA)文献中受到了广泛关注。本文分析了如何将生命周期考虑因素纳入政策设计。我们建立了两个垂直连接部门的部分平衡模型,一个是上游(如电力)部门,另一个是下游(如运输)部门。在每个领域,都有一种肮脏和清洁的技术。清洁的下游技术消耗上游商品,从而可能将排放转移到上游部门。我们的主要贡献是详细说明在碳定价有限的情况下,清洁技术的最佳补贴应如何纳入生命周期排放。最优下游补贴应针对上游部门产生的所有外部成本进行修正,不仅包括未定价的污染,还包括由于对清洁上游技术的补贴而产生的财政外部性。我们还分析了上下游政策的联合优化。上游补贴不应包含下游部门的特征,而下游最优补贴取决于上游部门的特征。所有的结果都是用乘用车电气化的校准例子来说明的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Coordination of sectoral climate policies and life cycle emissions

Drastically reducing greenhouse gas emissions involves numerous specific actions in each sector of the economy. The costs and abatement potential of these measures are interdependent because of sectoral linkages. For instance, the carbon footprint of electric vehicles depends on the electricity mix. This issue has received large attention in the literature on Life Cycle Assessments (LCA). This paper analyzes how life cycle considerations should be integrated into policy design. We model a partial equilibrium with two vertically connected sectors, an upstream (e.g. electricity) and a downstream (e.g. transportation) one. In each sector, a dirty and a clean technology are available. The clean downstream technology consumes the upstream good and may thus shift emissions to the upstream sector. Our main contribution is to detail how optimal subsidies on clean technologies should incorporate life cycle emissions when carbon pricing is limited. The optimal downstream subsidy should be corrected for all external costs generated in the upstream sector, not only unpriced pollution but also the fiscal externality due to the subsidy to the clean upstream technology. We also analyze the joint optimization of upstream and downstream policies. The upstream subsidy should not incorporate features of the downstream sector, whereas the downstream optimal subsidy depends upon the upstream sector characteristics. All results are illustrated using a calibrated example of the electrification of passenger cars.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
41
期刊介绍: Resource and Energy Economics provides a forum for high level economic analysis of utilization and development of the earth natural resources. The subject matter encompasses questions of optimal production and consumption affecting energy, minerals, land, air and water, and includes analysis of firm and industry behavior, environmental issues and public policies. Implications for both developed and developing countries are of concern. The journal publishes high quality papers for an international audience. Innovative energy, resource and environmental analyses, including theoretical models and empirical studies are appropriate for publication in Resource and Energy Economics.
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