美国工会的衰落:进口竞争与国家劳资关系委员会选举

Q2 Arts and Humanities

Labor Studies Journal Pub Date : 2022-10-03 DOI:10.1177/0160449X221126534

Zachary Schaller

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引用次数: 1

摘要

为什么自20世纪50年代末以来，美国私营部门的工会参与度下降得如此之多?通过改进国家劳工关系委员会(NLRB)代表选举的数据集，我提出证据表明，进口渗透约占美国制造业工会形成下降的40%。这一估计相当于私营部门工会密度下降的4.6%。这种影响是由与低收入国家的贸易推动的，在某种程度上，也与其他高收入国家的贸易有关。中国在早期并不是一个因素，但自2000年以来，中国强劲的进口增长可以占到总降幅的约12个百分点。

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The Decline of U.S. Labor Unions: Import Competition and NLRB Elections

Why has private sector union participation fallen away so much in the United States since the late 1950s? Featuring an improved dataset on National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) representation elections, I present evidence that import penetration accounts for approximately 40 percent of the decline in union formation for U.S. manufacturing. This estimate translates to 4.6 percent of the decline in private sector union density. The effect is driven by trade with low-income countries and, to some extent, other high-income countries. China is not a factor early on, but their strong import growth since 2000 can account for about 12 percentage points of the total decline.

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来源期刊

Labor Studies Journal Social Sciences-Sociology and Political Science

CiteScore

1.50

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Labor Studies Journal is the official journal of the United Association for Labor Education and is a multi-disciplinary journal publishing research on work, workers, labor organizations, and labor studies and worker education in the US and internationally. The Journal is interested in manuscripts using a diversity of research methods, both qualitative and quantitative, directed at a general audience including union, university, and community based labor educators, labor activists and scholars from across the social sciences and humanities. As a multi-disciplinary journal, manuscripts should be directed at a general audience, and care should be taken to make methods, especially highly quantitative ones, accessible to a general reader.