猎物的收获构成向社会受众发出了什么信号?:对巴拉圭ach狩猎采集者的实验研究

IF 3 1区 心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
Andrew P.C. Bishop , Amanda McGrosky , Benjamin C. Trumble , Michael Gurven , Kim Hill
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引用次数: 3

摘要

在小规模社会中,狩猎是一种高风险、高回报的活动,会影响社会地位和繁殖成功率。在人类学文献中,男人打猎是为了养家糊口,还是作为他们表型品质的一种昂贵信号,这个问题一直是人们激烈争论的话题。为了阐明这个问题,我们探讨了观众对猎人的表型质量和可取性的评估,作为猎人获得的猎物组成的函数。2015年5月至7月期间,对来自巴拉圭ach狩猎采集部落的52名告密者(46%为女性,年龄15-76岁)进行了排名和强制选择任务的组合。猎人的供给能力、力量、战斗能力、抗病能力以及作为配偶或盟友的吸引力的评级都与杀死大型和难以杀死的猎物呈正相关,与杀死难以找到的猎物呈负相关。然而,与杀死同等生物量的小动物相比,杀死一只大型动物导致对猎人表型和可取性的评估更差。这些发现强调了小型猎物狩猎作为一种宣传质量和持续供应能力的机制的潜力。关键的是,广告质量/可取性的目标与有效供应的目标之间没有冲突,因为获得更多肉的猎人,即使肉的来源是小猎物,通常被认为具有更好的表型和更可取的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
What does prey harvest composition signal to a social audience?: Experimental studies with Aché hunter-gatherers of Paraguay

In small-scale societies hunting is a high-risk, high-reward activity which impacts status and reproductive success. The question of whether men hunt to provision families or as a costly signal of their phenotypic qualities has been hotly debated in the anthropological literature. To shed new light on this question, we explored audience assessments of a hunter's phenotypic quality and desirability as a function of the composition of prey acquired by the hunter. A combination of ranking and forced-choice tasks were administered to 52 informants (46% female, aged 15–76 years) from the Aché hunter-gatherer tribe of Paraguay between May and July of 2015. Ratings of a hunter's provisioning ability, strength, fighting ability, disease resistance, and desirability as a mate or ally were all positively associated with killing large and hard-to-kill prey, and negatively associated with killing hard-to-find prey. However, killing a single large animal resulted in a worse assessment of hunter phenotype and desirability than killing an equivalent biomass of small animals. These findings highlight the potential of small prey hunting as a mechanism for advertising both quality and consistent provisioning ability. Critically, no conflict was observed between the goal of advertising quality/desirability and the goal of effective provisioning, since hunters who acquired more meat, even if the source of the meat was small game, were generally perceived as having better phenotypes and as more desirable.

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来源期刊
Evolution and Human Behavior
Evolution and Human Behavior 生物-行为科学
CiteScore
8.30
自引率
9.80%
发文量
62
审稿时长
82 days
期刊介绍: Evolution and Human Behavior is an interdisciplinary journal, presenting research reports and theory in which evolutionary perspectives are brought to bear on the study of human behavior. It is primarily a scientific journal, but submissions from scholars in the humanities are also encouraged. Papers reporting on theoretical and empirical work on other species will be welcome if their relevance to the human animal is apparent.
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