输家的好理由是:彩票的正当性和社会风险

IF 1.5 2区哲学 Q3 ECONOMICS

Economics and Philosophy Pub Date : 2021-01-20 DOI:10.1017/S0266267121000043

Kai P. Spiekermann

{"title":"输家的好理由是:彩票的正当性和社会风险","authors":"Kai P. Spiekermann","doi":"10.1017/S0266267121000043","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Many goods are distributed by processes that involve randomness. In lotteries, randomness is used to promote fairness. When taking social risks, randomness is a feature of the process. The losers of such decisions ought to be given a reason why they should accept the outcome. Surprisingly, good reasons demand more than merely equal ex ante chances. What is also required is a true statement of the form: ‘the result could easily have gone the other way and you could have been the winner’. This rules in standard lotteries but rules out many lotteries based on merely epistemic probability.","PeriodicalId":51643,"journal":{"name":"Economics and Philosophy","volume":"38 1","pages":"108 - 131"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5000,"publicationDate":"2021-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0266267121000043","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Good reasons for losers: lottery justification and social risk\",\"authors\":\"Kai P. Spiekermann\",\"doi\":\"10.1017/S0266267121000043\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Abstract Many goods are distributed by processes that involve randomness. In lotteries, randomness is used to promote fairness. When taking social risks, randomness is a feature of the process. The losers of such decisions ought to be given a reason why they should accept the outcome. Surprisingly, good reasons demand more than merely equal ex ante chances. What is also required is a true statement of the form: ‘the result could easily have gone the other way and you could have been the winner’. This rules in standard lotteries but rules out many lotteries based on merely epistemic probability.\",\"PeriodicalId\":51643,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Economics and Philosophy\",\"volume\":\"38 1\",\"pages\":\"108 - 131\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2021-01-20\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0266267121000043\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Economics and Philosophy\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"98\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266267121000043\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"哲学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"ECONOMICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Economics and Philosophy","FirstCategoryId":"98","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266267121000043","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ECONOMICS","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

摘要

许多商品的分布过程都带有随机性。在彩票中，随机性被用来促进公平。在承担社会风险时，随机性是过程的一个特征。这些决定的输家应该得到一个接受结果的理由。令人惊讶的是，好的理由要求的不仅仅是平等的事前机会。同样需要的是一个真实的形式陈述:“结果很容易就会发生另一种情况，你本可以成为赢家”。这适用于标准彩票，但排除了许多仅仅基于认知概率的彩票。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

查看原文本刊更多论文

Good reasons for losers: lottery justification and social risk

Abstract Many goods are distributed by processes that involve randomness. In lotteries, randomness is used to promote fairness. When taking social risks, randomness is a feature of the process. The losers of such decisions ought to be given a reason why they should accept the outcome. Surprisingly, good reasons demand more than merely equal ex ante chances. What is also required is a true statement of the form: ‘the result could easily have gone the other way and you could have been the winner’. This rules in standard lotteries but rules out many lotteries based on merely epistemic probability.

求助全文

通过发布文献求助，成功后即可免费获取论文全文。去求助

来源期刊

Economics and Philosophy Multiple-

CiteScore

1.80

自引率

8.30%

发文量

期刊介绍： The disciplines of economics and philosophy each possess their own special analytical methods, whose combination is powerful and fruitful. Each discipline can be enriched by the other. Economics and Philosophy aims to promote their mutual enrichment by publishing articles and book reviews in all areas linking these subjects. Topics include the methodology and epistemology of economics, the foundations of decision theory and game theory, the nature of rational choice in general, historical work on economics with a philosophical purpose, ethical issues in economics, the use of economic techniques in ethical theory, and many other subjects.