哥伦比亚卡塔赫纳低收入社区在供水服务扩展项目期间的家庭用水不安全经历及其感知的决定因素

Andrea K. Lemaitre, Joshua D. Miller, Justin Stoler
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引用次数: 0

摘要

传统的水指标主要关注水量和水质,但新兴研究表明,衡量水的可用性、可及性和使用方面的生活经历对于了解家庭水不安全如何影响健康和福祉至关重要。很少有实证研究探讨拉丁美洲城市中哪些家庭用水不安全经历最为突出,或其潜在原因。我们分析了哥伦比亚卡塔赫纳低收入定居点266户家庭的数据,以确定水不安全的相关因素和感知的决定因素。最普遍的家庭用水不安全经历是供水中断(96%)、用水担忧(94%)和对用水状况的愤怒(90%)。意外的供水中断和非管道初级饮用水源的使用与更高的家庭用水不安全分数、用水担忧分量表和卫生分量表有关。受访者认为他们社区的水问题是由灰色基础设施的不足造成的(49%),其中包括水分配、处理或储存技术的不足。社会基础设施(36%),包括政治、经济或行政系统问题,也被认为是水安全的障碍。我们没有发现水不安全评分与将这些问题归因于灰色或社会基础设施之间存在显著关系,但这些因素与居住期限和使用非管道水源之间可能存在关系。这些发现强调了社会政治因素和社区参与对通过贫民窟改造项目改善城市水不安全的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Household water insecurity experiences and their perceived determinants in a low-income community of Cartagena, Colombia, during a water service expansion project
Traditional water indicators primarily focus on water quantity and quality, but emergent research demonstrates that measurement of lived experiences with water availability, accessibility, and use is important for understanding how household water insecurity impacts health and well-being. Few empirical studies have explored which household water insecurity experiences are most salient, or their potential causes, in Latin American cities. We analyzed data from 266 households in a low-income settlement of Cartagena, Colombia, to identify correlates and perceived determinants of water insecurity. The most prevalent household water insecurity experiences were water supply interruptions (96%), water worry (94%), and anger about the water situation (90%). Unexpected water interruptions and use of non-piped primary drinking water sources were associated with greater household water insecurity scores, water worry subscores, and hygiene subscores. Respondents perceived water issues in their community to be caused by deficiencies in gray infrastructure (49%), which included deficiencies in water distribution, treatment, or storage technologies. Social infrastructure (36%), including issues with political, economic, or administrative systems, was also cited as a barrier to water security. We did not detect significant relationships between water insecurity scores and the attribution of these problems to gray or social infrastructure, but there may be relationships between these factors and duration of residency and using a non-piped water source. These findings underscore the importance of socio-political factors and community engagement for improving urban water insecurity through slum-upgrade projects.
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