A Clinical Study on Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is gaining popularity for the surgical treatment of gallbladder diseases. The technique has advantages of safe surgery, minimal complications, lower duration of hospital stay, and early return to normal activities. We in the current study tried to evaluate the outcomes of laparoscopic cholecystectomies done in our tertiary care teaching hospital. Methods: Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria n=40 cases were identified and treated with laparoscopic cholecystectomy. A complete history which included the pasthistory, family history, socioeconomic status, nature of symptoms, diet history was obtained. All the patients underwent a complete clinical examination. The investigations carried out were complete blood picture, bleeding time, clotting time, ECG, LFT, KFT, FBS, blood groups, chest x-ray, and Ultrasound scan of the abdomen. All cases were operated as per the standard procedures. Results: The most common sign recorded in the cases was pain in right hypochondrium. Out of n=40 cases, 95% were present with pain 5% was without pain. Clinical jaundice was found in 10% of cases and tenderness was found on examination in 95% of cases. USG showed the presence of multiple stones was in 76% of cases, thickening of the gall bladder was in 80% cases and presence of mass was detected in 8% of cases. The follow-up period was 3 months in which no complications were reported. Conclusion: The study found that most of the cases of cholelithiasis now occurring across the spectrum of different ages. The diagnosis has now become easy with the presence of ultrasonography which has sensitivity and specificity. The motto of safe surgery, low morbidity, and early back to work is best done with laparoscopic cholecystectomy.