将秃鹫的社会行为融入保护实践

IF 2.6 2区 生物学 Q1 ORNITHOLOGY
Condor Pub Date : 2020-08-26 DOI:10.1093/condor/duaa035
Thijs van Overveld, G. Blanco, M. Moléon, A. Margalida, J. A. Sánchez‐Zapata, M. de la Riva, J. Donázar
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引用次数: 26

摘要

秃鹫是全球最受威胁的鸟类之一。尽管秃鹫面临的许多威胁已经被确定,但人类活动对秃鹫社会生活的影响却很少受到关注。在本文中,我们强调了将秃鹫的社会性融入保护实践的必要性。首先,我们总结了秃鹫社会行为的现有知识,以及它们繁殖系统的进化和生态根源。我们描述了殖民地和领土饲养者在社会觅食策略和等级社会结构中存在的对比梯度,这些梯度与物种(和种群)对大小和可预测性不同的腐肉的依赖有关。我们还强调了秃鹫聚会在维持种群水平的社会结构和在高度择偶的情况下寻找配偶方面的潜在作用。接下来,基于这个社会框架,我们讨论了人类活动对社会觅食、领地结构、资源分配过程和交配动力学的影响。然而,人们对社会习惯的破坏如何导致秃鹫数量下降和/或阻碍其恢复知之甚少。最后,我们为秃鹫社会生态学的未来研究提供了方向,这可能会改善当前的保护工作。我们鼓励研究人员和野生动物管理者更多地关注秃鹫社会系统多样性背后的天然腐肉多样性,特别是在实施补充喂养计划时,并在重新引入计划中考虑复杂的交配和定居动态。总的来说,我们强调,了解秃鹫复杂的社会生活对于协调秃鹫的保护与人类活动至关重要。LAY总结尽管秃鹫面临的许多威胁已经被确定,但人类活动对秃鹫社会生活的影响却很少受到关注。我们对秃鹫社会行为的现有知识及其社会系统的进化和生态根源进行了全面的回顾。在这个社会框架内,我们讨论了秃鹫繁殖和交配系统、觅食技术、社会等级制度、领地和采集行为以及种间互动等各个方面。总的来说,我们强调,推进我们对秃鹫丰富社会生活的社会生态学理解,对于在这个快速变化的世界中协调秃鹫的保护至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Integrating vulture social behavior into conservation practice
ABSTRACT Vultures are one of the most threatened bird groups globally. Although many of the threats faced by vultures have been identified, the impact of human activities on the social life of vultures has received little attention. In this paper, we emphasize the need to integrate vulture sociality into conservation practice. First, we summarize current knowledge on vulture social behavior, and the evolutionary and ecological roots of their breeding systems. We describe the existence of contrasting gradients in social foraging strategies and hierarchical social structures among colonial and territorial breeders associated with species (and population) reliance on carrion differing in size and predictability. We also highlight the potential role of vulture gatherings in maintaining population-level social structures and for mate-finding given high mate-selectivity. Next, based on this social framework, we discuss the impact of human activities on social foraging, territory structures, resource partitioning processes, and mating dynamics. However, little is known about how disruptions of social habits may have contributed to vulture population declines and/or may impede their recovery. Lastly, we provide directions for future research on vulture socio-ecology that may improve current conservation efforts. We encourage researchers and wildlife managers to pay more attention to natural carrion diversity underlying vulture social system diversity, especially when implementing supplementary feeding programs, and to consider the complex mating and settlement dynamics in reintroduction programs. Overall, we stress that understanding the complex social life of vultures is critical to harmonize their conservation with anthropogenic activities. LAY SUMMARY Although many of the threats faced by vultures have been identified, the impact of human activities on the social life of vultures has received little attention. We provide a comprehensive review of current knowledge of vulture social behavior and the evolutionary and ecological roots of their social systems. Within this social framework, we discuss aspects as diverse as vulture breeding and mating systems, foraging techniques, social hierarchies, territorial and gathering behavior, and interspecific interactions. Overall, we stress that advancing our socio-ecological understanding of the rich social life of vultures is critical to harmonize their conservation in this rapidly changing world.
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来源期刊
Condor
Condor ORNITHOLOGY-
CiteScore
6.30
自引率
12.50%
发文量
46
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Condor is the official publication of the Cooper Ornithological Society, a non-profit organization of over 2,000 professional and amateur ornithologists and one of the largest ornithological societies in the world. A quarterly international journal that publishes original research from all fields of avian biology, The Condor has been a highly respected forum in ornithology for more than 100 years. The journal is one of the top ranked ornithology publications. Types of paper published include feature articles (longer manuscripts) Short Communications (generally shorter papers or papers that deal with one primary finding), Commentaries (brief papers that comment on articles published previously in The Condor), and Book Reviews.
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