{"title":"一类具有空间常数变符号曲率的宇宙学模型","authors":"M. S'anchez","doi":"10.4171/pm/2099","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"We construct globally hyperbolic spacetimes such that each slice $\\{t=t_0\\}$ of the universal time $t$ is a model space of constant curvature $k(t_0)$ which may not only vary with $t_0\\in\\mathbb{R}$ but also change its sign. The metric is smooth and slightly different to FLRW spacetimes, namely, $g=-dt^2+dr^2+ S_{k(t)}^2(r) g_{\\mathbb{S}^{n-1}}$, where $g_{\\mathbb{S}^{n-1}}$ is the metric of the standard sphere, $S_{k(t)}(r)=\\sin(\\sqrt{k(t)}\\, r)/\\sqrt{k(t)}$ when $k(t)\\geq 0$ and $S_{k(t)}(r)=\\sinh(\\sqrt{-k(t)}\\, r)/\\sqrt{-k(t)}$ when $k(t)\\leq 0$. In the open case, the $t$-slices are (non-compact) Cauchy hypersurfaces of curvature $k(t)\\leq 0$, thus homeomorphic to $\\mathbb{R}^n$; a typical example is $k(t)=-t^2$ (i.e., $S_{k(t)}(r)=\\sinh(tr)/t$). In the closed case, $k(t)>0$ somewhere, a slight extension of the class shows how the topology of the $t$-slices changes. This makes at least one comoving observer to disappear in finite time $t$ showing some similarities with an inflationary expansion. Anyway, the spacetime is foliated by Cauchy hypersurfaces homeomorphic to spheres, not all of them $t$-slices.","PeriodicalId":51269,"journal":{"name":"Portugaliae Mathematica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5000,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"3","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"A class of cosmological models with spatially constant sign-changing curvature\",\"authors\":\"M. S'anchez\",\"doi\":\"10.4171/pm/2099\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"We construct globally hyperbolic spacetimes such that each slice $\\\\{t=t_0\\\\}$ of the universal time $t$ is a model space of constant curvature $k(t_0)$ which may not only vary with $t_0\\\\in\\\\mathbb{R}$ but also change its sign. The metric is smooth and slightly different to FLRW spacetimes, namely, $g=-dt^2+dr^2+ S_{k(t)}^2(r) g_{\\\\mathbb{S}^{n-1}}$, where $g_{\\\\mathbb{S}^{n-1}}$ is the metric of the standard sphere, $S_{k(t)}(r)=\\\\sin(\\\\sqrt{k(t)}\\\\, r)/\\\\sqrt{k(t)}$ when $k(t)\\\\geq 0$ and $S_{k(t)}(r)=\\\\sinh(\\\\sqrt{-k(t)}\\\\, r)/\\\\sqrt{-k(t)}$ when $k(t)\\\\leq 0$. In the open case, the $t$-slices are (non-compact) Cauchy hypersurfaces of curvature $k(t)\\\\leq 0$, thus homeomorphic to $\\\\mathbb{R}^n$; a typical example is $k(t)=-t^2$ (i.e., $S_{k(t)}(r)=\\\\sinh(tr)/t$). In the closed case, $k(t)>0$ somewhere, a slight extension of the class shows how the topology of the $t$-slices changes. This makes at least one comoving observer to disappear in finite time $t$ showing some similarities with an inflationary expansion. Anyway, the spacetime is foliated by Cauchy hypersurfaces homeomorphic to spheres, not all of them $t$-slices.\",\"PeriodicalId\":51269,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Portugaliae Mathematica\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2022-09-20\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"3\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Portugaliae Mathematica\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"100\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.4171/pm/2099\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"数学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"MATHEMATICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Portugaliae Mathematica","FirstCategoryId":"100","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.4171/pm/2099","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"MATHEMATICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
A class of cosmological models with spatially constant sign-changing curvature
We construct globally hyperbolic spacetimes such that each slice $\{t=t_0\}$ of the universal time $t$ is a model space of constant curvature $k(t_0)$ which may not only vary with $t_0\in\mathbb{R}$ but also change its sign. The metric is smooth and slightly different to FLRW spacetimes, namely, $g=-dt^2+dr^2+ S_{k(t)}^2(r) g_{\mathbb{S}^{n-1}}$, where $g_{\mathbb{S}^{n-1}}$ is the metric of the standard sphere, $S_{k(t)}(r)=\sin(\sqrt{k(t)}\, r)/\sqrt{k(t)}$ when $k(t)\geq 0$ and $S_{k(t)}(r)=\sinh(\sqrt{-k(t)}\, r)/\sqrt{-k(t)}$ when $k(t)\leq 0$. In the open case, the $t$-slices are (non-compact) Cauchy hypersurfaces of curvature $k(t)\leq 0$, thus homeomorphic to $\mathbb{R}^n$; a typical example is $k(t)=-t^2$ (i.e., $S_{k(t)}(r)=\sinh(tr)/t$). In the closed case, $k(t)>0$ somewhere, a slight extension of the class shows how the topology of the $t$-slices changes. This makes at least one comoving observer to disappear in finite time $t$ showing some similarities with an inflationary expansion. Anyway, the spacetime is foliated by Cauchy hypersurfaces homeomorphic to spheres, not all of them $t$-slices.
期刊介绍:
Since its foundation in 1937, Portugaliae Mathematica has aimed at publishing high-level research articles in all branches of mathematics. With great efforts by its founders, the journal was able to publish articles by some of the best mathematicians of the time. In 2001 a New Series of Portugaliae Mathematica was started, reaffirming the purpose of maintaining a high-level research journal in mathematics with a wide range scope.