肥胖:一种并发症-获得性免疫缺陷综合征(CAIDS)。

IF 4.3 4区 医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY
International Reviews of Immunology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-06-06 DOI:10.1080/08830185.2022.2083614
George Siopis
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引用次数: 2

摘要

越来越多的数据强调,肥胖与2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)的严重程度,包括死亡率之间存在密切联系。肥胖干扰免疫系统的几个组成部分,包括淋巴组织的完整性、白细胞的发育和功能、补体系统的激活以及先天和适应性免疫反应的协调。总的来说,肥胖会导致免疫系统对传染性病原体的反应效率降低。严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2利用肥胖人群免疫系统的削弱,引发COVID-19,在某些情况下导致死亡。因此,作者建议应将肥胖视为另一种形式的获得性免疫缺陷综合征,并予以适当的严肃对待。与先前描述的由人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)引起的获得性免疫缺陷综合征(艾滋病)不同,肥胖是一种合并症-获得性免疫缺陷综合征。艾滋病患者不会死于艾滋病毒,但可能死于机会致病菌,如结核分枝杆菌。然而,艾滋病在患者病情恶化的过程中被赋予了应有的重要性。同样,应进一步认识到肥胖是COVID-19死亡的一个风险因素。肥胖是一种可改变的状况,即使对有强烈遗传倾向的人来说,改变生活方式也可以逆转肥胖,甚至适度的减肥也可以改善炎症环境。有必要采取强有力的公共卫生行动,促进生活方式措施,以减轻超重和肥胖造成的负担。超重和肥胖目前影响着全球三分之一以上的人口,据预测,这一比例在未来30年内可能达到55-80%。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Obesity: A comorbidity-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (CAIDS).

Accumulating data emphasize a strong link between obesity and the severity of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), including mortality. Obesity interferes with several components of the immune system including lymphoid tissue's integrity, leukocytes' development and function, complement system's activation, and the coordination of innate and adaptive immune responses. Overall, obesity results in a less efficient immune response to infectious agents. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 exploits this weakened immune system in people with obesity to precipitate COVID-19, and in some cases death. It is therefore the author's recommendation that obesity should be viewed as another form of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and be treated with the appropriate seriousness. Unlike the previously described acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) that is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), obesity is a comorbidity-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. People with AIDS do not die from HIV, but may die from opportunistic pathogens such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, AIDS is ascribed its due importance in the course of deterioration of the patient. Similarly, obesity should be acknowledged further as a risk factor for mortality from COVID-19. Obesity is a modifiable condition and even in people with a strong genetic predisposition, lifestyle modifications can reverse obesity, and even moderate weight loss can improve the inflammatory milieu. Strong public health actions are warranted to promote lifestyle measures to reduce the burden from overweight and obesity that currently affect more than one-third of the global population, with projections alarming this may reach 55-80% within the next thirty years.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
11.00
自引率
4.00%
发文量
24
期刊介绍: This review journal provides the most current information on basic and translational research in immunology and related fields. In addition to invited reviews, the journal accepts for publication articles and editorials on relevant topics proposed by contributors. Each issue of International Reviews of Immunology contains both solicited and unsolicited review articles, editorials, and ''In-this-Issue'' highlights. The journal also hosts reviews that position the authors'' original work relative to advances in a given field, bridging the gap between annual reviews and the original research articles. This review series is relevant to all immunologists, molecular biologists, microbiologists, translational scientists, industry researchers, and physicians who work in basic and clinical immunology, inflammatory and allergic diseases, vaccines, and additional topics relevant to medical research and drug development that connect immunology to disciplines such as oncology, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic disorders. Covered in International Reviews of Immunology: Basic and developmental immunology (innate and adaptive immunity; inflammation; and tumor and microbial immunology); Clinical research (mechanisms of disease in man pertaining to infectious diseases, autoimmunity, allergy, oncology / immunology); and Translational research (relevant to biomarkers, diagnostics, vaccines, and drug development).
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