唯象不可逆量子热力学的概念Ⅱ:二分系统的时间相关统计系综

IF 4.3 3区 工程技术 Q1 MECHANICS
W. Muschik
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要广泛的观点是,原始量子力学是一种可逆理论,但这一说法只适用于未分解的系统,即不考虑子系统的系统。考虑到子系统,正如分解系统所必需的那样,相互作用哈密顿量——在未分解系统中不存在——可能是分解系统不可逆性的来源。因此,出现了以下两个阶段的任务:如何修改冯·诺依曼的未分解系统方程,使其出现不可逆性,以及这种修改如何影响分解系统?第一步已经在Muschik中完成(“现象学不可逆量子热力学的概念:半经典描述中的封闭未分解肖特基系统”,J.Non Balancement Thermodyn.,第44卷,第1-132019页),并在下面重复,而公式化分解系统的量子热力学的第二步在这里通过用类似于Lindblad方程的程序修改子系统的von Neumann方程来执行(G.Lindblad,“关于量子动力学半群的生成子”,Commun.Math.Phys.,vol.48,p.1191301976),但是不同之处在于子系统通过分区相互作用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Concepts of phenomenological irreversible quantum thermodynamics II: time dependent statistical ensembles of bipartite systems
Abstract The wide-spread opinion is that original quantum mechanics is a reversible theory, but this statement is only true for undecomposed systems that are those systems for which sub-systems are out of consideration. Taking sub-systems into account, as it is by definition necessary for decomposed systems, the interaction Hamiltonians –which are absent in undecomposed systems– can be a source of irreversibility in decomposed systems. Thus, the following two-stage task arises: How to modify von Neumann’s equation of undecomposed systems so that irreversibility appears, and how this modification affects decomposed systems? The first step was already done in Muschik (“Concepts of phenomenological irreversible quantum thermodynamics: closed undecomposed Schottky systems in semi-classical description,” J. Non-Equilibrium Thermodyn., vol. 44, pp. 1–13, 2019) and is repeated below, whereas the second step to formulate a quantum thermodynamics of decomposed systems is performed here by modifying the von Neumann equations of the sub-systems by a procedure wich is similar to that of Lindblad’s equation (G. Lindblad, “On the generators of quantum dynamical semigroups,” Commun. Math. Phys., vol. 48, p. 119130, 1976), but different because the sub-systems interact with one another through partitions.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
9.10
自引率
18.20%
发文量
31
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics serves as an international publication organ for new ideas, insights and results on non-equilibrium phenomena in science, engineering and related natural systems. The central aim of the journal is to provide a bridge between science and engineering and to promote scientific exchange on a) newly observed non-equilibrium phenomena, b) analytic or numeric modeling for their interpretation, c) vanguard methods to describe non-equilibrium phenomena. Contributions should – among others – present novel approaches to analyzing, modeling and optimizing processes of engineering relevance such as transport processes of mass, momentum and energy, separation of fluid phases, reproduction of living cells, or energy conversion. The journal is particularly interested in contributions which add to the basic understanding of non-equilibrium phenomena in science and engineering, with systems of interest ranging from the macro- to the nano-level. The Journal of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics has recently expanded its scope to place new emphasis on theoretical and experimental investigations of non-equilibrium phenomena in thermophysical, chemical, biochemical and abstract model systems of engineering relevance. We are therefore pleased to invite submissions which present newly observed non-equilibrium phenomena, analytic or fuzzy models for their interpretation, or new methods for their description.
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