Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Combined with Bone Transport Improves Bone Defect in Rats

This study assessed the mechanism of BMSC combined with bone transport in improving bone defect. Fifty rats were divided into five sets randomly including NC set, DEX set, BMSC set and BT set. There were ten rats in each set. The BMSC was isolated using whole bone marrow adherent method and then cultivated. The general condition of rats in each set was observed and morphological parameter, pathological change in bone defect tissue was detected along with analysis of the expression of MCP-1, p53, TNF-α and STAT1 in bone tissue. The primary BMSC was cultivated for seven days and the fusiform BMSC was enlarged and the quantity of binucleate or multinucleate cells was increased after passage. The bone defect model was prepared successfully when the degree of fusion reached 100%. The mental condition was good. DEX set showed significantly reduced TBV and increased TRS compared with NC set. However, TBV was increased and TRS was reduced in BMSC set, BT set and BMSC+BT set significantly compared with DEX set. MCP-1 mRNA level in DEX set was lower and increased in the treatment group. In addition, p53, TNF-α and STAT1 was increased in DEX set but reduced in BMSC set, BT set and BMSC+BT set. In conclusion, MCP-1 in rats’ bone defect tissue is upregulated and the p53/TNF-α/STAT1 signal activity is restrained by BMSC combined with bone transport so as to treat the bone defect.