{"title":"新喀里多尼亚的刑罚殖民地博物馆及其身份结构","authors":"Fanny Pascual","doi":"10.5130/PORTAL.V14I2.5335","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"In the South Pacific, New Caledonia and Australia were penal colonies during the 19th century. Analysing the discourse surrouding two museums based on these convict periods (Hyde Park Barracks in Sydney and the project for a museum in Noumea), will shed light on the difficulties of facing this violent past. Even if these two countries and their histories are different, they have a common aim to accept this part of their genealogies. After having been taboo, having criminal ancestors is now a pride; exile is no more seen as an expulsion from the English or French motherland, but has become a pioneer adventure. Suppressing some aspects of this colonisation and downplaying the participation or the interactions of convicts or bagnards with other communities helps to build this memory. We must also keep in mind that museums have a political role. In New Caledonia, it is obvious that the self-determination process between 2014 and 2018 has influenced the project of the museum in Nouville: having a convict in the family will prove your belonging to the land and could justify voting rights for the 2018 referendum. These museums accordingly do not only deal with history, but influence the future. \n \nAu XIXeme siecle, la Nouvelle-Caledonie et l'Australie etaient des colonies penitentiaires dans le Pacifique Sud. L’analyse du discours museal des deux musees (Hyde Park Barracks a Sydney et le projet pour un musee du bagne a Noumea) se base sur la periode penitentiaire pour mettre en lumiere les difficultes que l’on peut avoir a affronter son passe de violence. Meme si ces deux pays ont une histoire differente, le but commun est d'accepter cette partie de leur genealogie. Apres avoir ete tabou, avoir des ancetres criminels est maintenant une source de fierte; l'exil n'est plus considere comme une expulsion de la patrie britannique ou francaise, mais plutot comme une aventure de pionniers. Ceci entraine un deni d'autres aspects de la colonisation et reduit la participation ou les interactions entre communautes dans la construction de l’histoire memorielle. Nous devons egalement garder a l'esprit que les musees jouent un role politique. En Nouvelle-Caledonie, il est evident que le processus d'autodetermination prevu entre 2014-2018 a influence le projet du musee a Nouville. Un bagnard dans la famille prouvera votre ancrage dans cette terre et pourrait justifier votre droit de vote dans le referendum. Ces musees n’evoquent pas seulement l'histoire mais preparent aussi l’avenir.","PeriodicalId":35198,"journal":{"name":"PORTAL: Journal of Multidisciplinary International Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2017-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5130/PORTAL.V14I2.5335","citationCount":"1","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Le Musée du bagne en Nouvelle-Calédonie et ses constructions identitaires / The Penal Colony Museum in New Caledonia and its Identity Constructions\",\"authors\":\"Fanny Pascual\",\"doi\":\"10.5130/PORTAL.V14I2.5335\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"In the South Pacific, New Caledonia and Australia were penal colonies during the 19th century. Analysing the discourse surrouding two museums based on these convict periods (Hyde Park Barracks in Sydney and the project for a museum in Noumea), will shed light on the difficulties of facing this violent past. Even if these two countries and their histories are different, they have a common aim to accept this part of their genealogies. After having been taboo, having criminal ancestors is now a pride; exile is no more seen as an expulsion from the English or French motherland, but has become a pioneer adventure. Suppressing some aspects of this colonisation and downplaying the participation or the interactions of convicts or bagnards with other communities helps to build this memory. We must also keep in mind that museums have a political role. In New Caledonia, it is obvious that the self-determination process between 2014 and 2018 has influenced the project of the museum in Nouville: having a convict in the family will prove your belonging to the land and could justify voting rights for the 2018 referendum. These museums accordingly do not only deal with history, but influence the future. \\n \\nAu XIXeme siecle, la Nouvelle-Caledonie et l'Australie etaient des colonies penitentiaires dans le Pacifique Sud. L’analyse du discours museal des deux musees (Hyde Park Barracks a Sydney et le projet pour un musee du bagne a Noumea) se base sur la periode penitentiaire pour mettre en lumiere les difficultes que l’on peut avoir a affronter son passe de violence. Meme si ces deux pays ont une histoire differente, le but commun est d'accepter cette partie de leur genealogie. Apres avoir ete tabou, avoir des ancetres criminels est maintenant une source de fierte; l'exil n'est plus considere comme une expulsion de la patrie britannique ou francaise, mais plutot comme une aventure de pionniers. Ceci entraine un deni d'autres aspects de la colonisation et reduit la participation ou les interactions entre communautes dans la construction de l’histoire memorielle. Nous devons egalement garder a l'esprit que les musees jouent un role politique. En Nouvelle-Caledonie, il est evident que le processus d'autodetermination prevu entre 2014-2018 a influence le projet du musee a Nouville. Un bagnard dans la famille prouvera votre ancrage dans cette terre et pourrait justifier votre droit de vote dans le referendum. 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Le Musée du bagne en Nouvelle-Calédonie et ses constructions identitaires / The Penal Colony Museum in New Caledonia and its Identity Constructions
In the South Pacific, New Caledonia and Australia were penal colonies during the 19th century. Analysing the discourse surrouding two museums based on these convict periods (Hyde Park Barracks in Sydney and the project for a museum in Noumea), will shed light on the difficulties of facing this violent past. Even if these two countries and their histories are different, they have a common aim to accept this part of their genealogies. After having been taboo, having criminal ancestors is now a pride; exile is no more seen as an expulsion from the English or French motherland, but has become a pioneer adventure. Suppressing some aspects of this colonisation and downplaying the participation or the interactions of convicts or bagnards with other communities helps to build this memory. We must also keep in mind that museums have a political role. In New Caledonia, it is obvious that the self-determination process between 2014 and 2018 has influenced the project of the museum in Nouville: having a convict in the family will prove your belonging to the land and could justify voting rights for the 2018 referendum. These museums accordingly do not only deal with history, but influence the future.
Au XIXeme siecle, la Nouvelle-Caledonie et l'Australie etaient des colonies penitentiaires dans le Pacifique Sud. L’analyse du discours museal des deux musees (Hyde Park Barracks a Sydney et le projet pour un musee du bagne a Noumea) se base sur la periode penitentiaire pour mettre en lumiere les difficultes que l’on peut avoir a affronter son passe de violence. Meme si ces deux pays ont une histoire differente, le but commun est d'accepter cette partie de leur genealogie. Apres avoir ete tabou, avoir des ancetres criminels est maintenant une source de fierte; l'exil n'est plus considere comme une expulsion de la patrie britannique ou francaise, mais plutot comme une aventure de pionniers. Ceci entraine un deni d'autres aspects de la colonisation et reduit la participation ou les interactions entre communautes dans la construction de l’histoire memorielle. Nous devons egalement garder a l'esprit que les musees jouent un role politique. En Nouvelle-Caledonie, il est evident que le processus d'autodetermination prevu entre 2014-2018 a influence le projet du musee a Nouville. Un bagnard dans la famille prouvera votre ancrage dans cette terre et pourrait justifier votre droit de vote dans le referendum. Ces musees n’evoquent pas seulement l'histoire mais preparent aussi l’avenir.
期刊介绍:
PORTAL Journal of Multidisciplinary International Studies is a fully peer reviewed journal with two main issues per year, and is published by UTSePress. In some years there may be additional special focus issues. The journal is dedicated to publishing scholarship by practitioners of—and dissenters from—international, regional, area, migration, and ethnic studies. Portal also provides a space for cultural producers interested in the internationalization of cultures. Portal is conceived as a “multidisciplinary venture,” to use Michel Chaouli’s words. That is, Portal signifies “a place where researchers [and cultural producers] are exposed to different ways of posing questions and proffering answers, without creating out of their differing disciplinary languages a common theoretical or methodological pidgin” (2003, p. 57). Our hope is that scholars working in the humanities, social sciences, and potentially other disciplinary areas, will encounter in Portal scenarios about contemporary societies and cultures and their material and imaginative relation to processes of transnationalization, polyculturation, transmigration, globalization, and anti-globalization.