在收获和社区规模上,渔业组合多样性的相反趋势预示着适应的机会

IF 2.9 3区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES
Facets Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI:10.1139/facets-2022-0048
Sachiko Ouchi, L. Wilson, C. Wabnitz, C. Golden, A. Beaudreau, T. Kenny, G. Singh, W. Cheung, Hing Man Chan, A. Salomon
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引用次数: 1

摘要

了解促进社会生态恢复力的机制可以为未来的适应战略提供信息。在依赖海产品的社区中,可以通过评估渔业组合的变化来阐明这些问题。在这里,我们与加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省的一个沿海萨利希民族合作,使用土著专家知识和网络分析来记录社会生态制度转变前后渔业组合的差异。然后,我们使用半结构化访谈评估了变革的关键驱动因素。我们发现,虽然随着时间的推移,个人收获和消费的海产品种类的多样性有所下降,但在社区层面上,投资组合的多样性有所增加,因为在多样性较低的个人投资组合中,更多相似的海产品更常被整个国家收获和消费。因此,多样性可以同时在不同规模的组织中以相反的方向发挥作用。专家们确定了推动这些变化的四个关键机制,包括由集中治理制度控制的商业活动、代际知识流失、对新的生态和经济机会的适应性学习,以及与其他土著社区的海产品贸易。出乎意料的是,海洋哺乳动物捕食的增加也被标记为变化的关键驱动因素。支持获取和治理多样化渔业、社区间海产品交换以及代际知识转移的适应战略将促进社会生态复原力、粮食安全和社区福祉。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Opposing trends in fisheries portfolio diversity at harvester and community scales signal opportunities for adaptation
Understanding mechanisms that promote social-ecological resilience can inform future adaptation strategies. Among seafood dependent communities, these can be illuminated by assessing change among fisheries portfolios. Here, in collaboration with a Coast Salish Nation in British Columbia, Canada, we used expert Indigenous knowledge and network analyses to chronicle differences in fisheries portfolios pre and post a social-ecological regime shift. We then evaluated key drivers of change using semi-structured interviews. We found that while portfolios decreased in diversity of seafood types harvested and consumed among individuals overtime, portfolios increased in their diversification at the community level because more similar seafoods within less diverse individual portfolios were more commonly harvested and consumed by the Nation as a whole. Thus, diversity can operate simultaneously in opposing directions at different scales of organization. Experts identified four key mechanisms driving these changes, including commercial activities controlled by a centralized governance regime, intergenerational knowledge loss, adaptive learning to new ecological and economic opportunities, and the trading of seafood with other Indigenous communities. Unexpectedly, increased predation by marine mammals was also flagged as a key driver of change. Adaptation strategies that support access to and governance of diverse fisheries, exchange of seafoods among communities, and knowledge transfer among generations would promote social-ecological resilience, food security, and community well-being.
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来源期刊
Facets
Facets MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES-
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
6.50%
发文量
48
审稿时长
28 weeks
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